Fig. 1. Schematics of the LINTAD gene activation system.
(A) The three components of the LINTAD system. LexA-CIB1-biLINuS (LCB): LexA fused with CIB1 and the bipartite light-inducible NLS (biLINuS); CRY2PHR-VPR (CV): CRY2PHR fused with VPR; light-inducible reporter: LexA binding sequence (LexA BS) fused with a minimal promoter and a target gene. In the dark state, LCB stays in the cytoplasm and CV in the nucleus. (B) Upon blue light stimulation, the Jα helix of the LOV2 domain in biLINuS is unfolded to expose the NLS peptide [top part in (B)], which leads to LCB translocation into the nucleus [red dashed line 1 in (A)]. LexA then binds to LexA BS on the light-inducible reporter [red dashed line 2 in (A)]. Meanwhile, CRY2PHR binds to CIB1 upon blue light stimulation [red dashed line 3 in (A)], thus targeting VPR to the minimal promoter region to trigger the reporter gene expression.