Table 1.

Results of the concept analysis of transformative learning in nursing education.

Category [14]	Defining attributes and related connotations
Antecedents	Cognitive and affective perspectives Democratic education principles Inspiration
Process/Procedure	Triggered by - Uncomfortable situation -Experiencing a disorientating dilemma -Events that challenge one’s worldview Phase1: Expanded awareness through: Self-reflection Phase 2: A highly cognitive and affective deep structural mental shift that involves a meaningful interactive, integrative and democratic construction process to arrive at new insight and changed perspective. Facilitated by: Investigative learning activities (discovery, evidential and research-based) Collaborative learning activities (communication, relating, connectedness) Interactive learning activities (critical discourse, argumentation and dialogue) Higher-order thinking activities (critical reflection, imaginative, creative, innovative and inventive) Guiding philosophies and theories Phase 3: Metacognition Authenticity Democratic vision Self-directedness Self-actualisation
Outcome	Autonomous thinking citizen Transformation of perspective Competitiveness in the global market Social justice for all