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. 2019 Oct 8;57(2):910–925. doi: 10.1007/s12035-019-01775-7

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Fig. 2 — Chemical structures and log P values of non-peptidic neurotransmitters. The given log P values are experimental except for acetylcholine (https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/). The log P values suggest that the neurotransmitters (NTs) belong to either lipophobic (− 3.69 to − 2.90) or lipophilic (− 1.37 to 1.60) categories. In reality, most of the NTs are amphipathic molecules with both hydrophilic (“water-loving”) or hydrophobic (“water-hating”) groups whose combined effect determines how likely they are to remain in the water phase or to aggregate on the membrane, respectively.