Table 1.
Studies finding significant indirect effects in line with Hatzenbuehler’s (2009) framework
| References | A | B | C |
|---|---|---|---|
| Brewster et al. (2013)a | Biphobic prejudice events | Expectations of rejection | Psychological distress |
| Feinstein et al. (2012) | Heterosexist prejudice events | Internalized homophobia | Depression |
| Heterosexist prejudice events | Internalized homophobia | Anxiety | |
| Heterosexist prejudice events | Gay-related rejection sensitivity | Depression | |
| Heterosexist prejudice events | Gay-related rejection sensitivity | Anxiety | |
| Hatzenbuehler, Dovidio, et al. (2009) | Internalized homophobia | Brooding rumination | Psychological distress |
| Kaufman et al. (2017) | Microaggressions | Rumination | Depressive symptoms |
| Liao et al. (2015) | Expectations of rejection | Anger rumination | Psychological distress |
| Puckett et al. (2016) | Heterosexist victimization | Internalized homophobia | Internalizing symptoms |
| Velez et al. (2013)b | Prejudice events | Avoiding | Distress |
| Szymanski et al. (2014) | Internalized homophobia | Brooding rumination | Psychological distress via brooding rumination |
| Szymanski and Ikizler (2013) | Heterosexist prejudice events | Internalized heterosexism | Depression |
| Heterosexist prejudice events | Internalized heterosexism | Social anxiety | |
| Heterosexist prejudice events | Gay-related rejection sensitivity | Depression | |
| Heterosexist prejudice events | Gay-related rejection sensitivity | Social anxiety |
A = independent variable, B = intermediary variable, C = dependent variable, gay-related rejection sensitivity = anxious expectations of rejection based on one’s sexual minority status, avoiding = an identity management strategy and type of active concealment
aBut not internalized biphobia or outness
bBut not “counterfeiting” (presenting a false heterosexual identity)