Table 2.

Associations of obesity measures with cardiovascular function and geometry

	LV end-diastolic volume (mL)			LV end-systolic volume (mL)			LV ejection fraction (%)
	β	95% CI	P-value	β	95% CI	P-value	β	95% CI	P-value
VAT (L)
Crude	3.74	3.29 to 4.19	<0.001	2.46	2.19 to 2.73	<0.001	−0.49	−0.57 to −0.41	<0.001
Model 1	−0.25	−0.72 to 0.22	0.29	0.23	−0.04 to 0.50	0.12	−0.14	−0.24 to −0.04	0.005
Model 2	−0.37	−0.86 to 0.12	0.13	0.10	−0.19 to 0.39	0.52	−0.13	−0.23 to −0.03	0.01
Model 3	−1.74	−2.33 to −1.15	<0.001	−0.33	−0.70 to 0.04	0.08	−0.24	−0.36 to −0.12	<0.001
SAT (L)
Crude	−0.93	−1.24 to −0.62	<0.001	−0.62	−0.82 to −0.42	<0.001	0.17	0.11 to 0.23	<0.001
Model 1	0.98	0.71 to 1.25	<0.001	0.48	0.30 to 0.66	<0.001	0.001	−0.06 to 0.06	0.98
Model 2	1.01	0.72 to 1.30	<0.001	0.45	0.27 to 0.63	<0.001	0.02	−0.04 to 0.08	0.55
BF% (%)
Crude	−1.36	−1.48 to −1.24	<0.001	−0.77	−0.83 to −0.71	<0.001	0.12	0.10 to 0.14	<0.001
Model 1	0.33	0.19 to 0.47	<0.001	0.16	0.08 to 0.24	<0.001	0.01	−0.01 to 0.03	0.58
Model 2	0.37	0.23 to 0.51	<0.001	0.16	0.06 to 0.26	<0.001	0.02	−0.02 to 0.06	0.31

Model 1 is adjusted for age and sex. Model 2 is adjusted for Model 1 plus ethnicity, socioeconomic status, alcohol consumption, smoking, hypertension, and diabetes. Model 3 is adjusted for Model 2 covariates plus BF%. BF%, body fat percentage; SAT, subcutaneous adipose tissue; VAT, visceral adipose tissue.