Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of specific gravity–adjusted phthalate biomarker concentrations in urine (N = 45).
| Parent compound: phthalate metabolite | % >LOD | GM (GSD) (ng/mL) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | Black (N = 28) |
White/Latina (N = 17) |
||
| Diethyl phthalate (DEP) | ||||
| Monoethyl phthalate (MEP) | 100 | 108.15 (6.86) | 205.53 (5.10)a | 37.56 (7.04)a |
| Di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) | ||||
| Mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) | 96 | 8.65 (2.66) | 9.07 (3.04) | 8.00 (2.09) |
| Mono-hydroxybutyl phthalate (MHBP) | 73 | 1.06 (1.94) | 1.04 (2.00) | 1.08 (1.89) |
| Diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP) | ||||
| Monoisobutyl phthalate (MiBP) | 96 | 7.17 (2.26) | 8.22 (2.30) | 5.72 (2.12) |
| Mono-hydroxyisobutyl phthalate (MHiBP) | 89 | 2.50 (2.18) | 2.45 (2.24) | 2.59 (2.12) |
| Butylbenzyl phthalate (BBzP) | ||||
| Monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP) | 93 | 2.87 (3.13) | 3.42 (3.72) | 2.16 (2.07) |
| Di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) | ||||
| Mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP) | 76 | 1.49 (3.35) | 1.29 (3.17) | 1.88 (3.64) |
| Diisononyl phthalate (DiNP) | ||||
| Monocarboxyoctyl phthalate (MCOP) | 98 | 13.13 (4.78) | 12.16 (4.87) | 14.89 (4.83) |
| Diisodecyl phthalate (DiDP) | ||||
| Monocarboxynonyl phthalate (MCNP) | 100 | 1.96 (2.83) | 2.16 (3.12) | 1.66 (2.37) |
| Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) | ||||
| Mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) | 62 | 1.78 (2.30) | 1.77 (2.15) | 1.80 (2.61) |
| Mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) | 98 | 6.39 (2.49) | 6.63 (2.58) | 6.01 (2.39) |
| Mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) | 98 | 4.11 (2.65) | 4.30 (2.88) | 3.82 (2.32) |
| Mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP) | 100 | 10.46 (2.31) | 10.81 (2.45) | 9.91 (2.14) |
| ∑DEHP | – | 23.39 (2.29) | 24.38 (2.37) | 21.84 (2.22) |
| ∑Anti-androgenic (AA) phthalates | – | 45.88 (2.40) | 50.55 (2.46) | 39.11 (2.32) |
Abbreviations: GM, geometric mean; GSD, geometric standard deviation; LOD, limit of detection.
a
P < .05 from t-test by race/ethnicity.