Table 5.
Results from the logistic regression analyses of breed susceptibility for four common orthopaedic diseases in dogs
| a) Elbow dysplasia | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Breed | SLU | NMBU | Combined | |||||||||
| N (%) | OR | 95% CI | P | N (%) | OR | 95% CI | P | N (%) | OR | 95% CI | P | |
| Mixed-breed | 13 (22.0) | 1.00 | Ref. | – | 2 (7.41) | 1.00 | Ref. | – | 15 (17.4) | 1.00 | Ref. | – |
| Flat-coated retriever | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | 2 (7.41) | 12.24 | (1.72–87.18) | 0.012 | 2 (2.3) | 1.10 | (0.25–4.83) | 0.899 |
| German shepherd dog | 10 (17.0) | 2.15 | (0.94–4.92) | 0.070 | 3 (11.11) | 11.06 | (1.84–66.35) | 0.009 | 13 (15.1) | 3.33 | (1.57–7.62) | 0.002 |
| Golden retriever | 7 (11.9) | 1.57 | (0.62–3.94) | 0.338 | 2 (7.41) | 5.78 | (0.81–41.10) | 0.080 | 9 (10.5) | 2.23 | (0.97–5.13) | 0.058 |
| Labrador retriever | 19 (32.2) | 3.42 | (1.68–6.94) | 0.001 | 9 (33.33) | 23.83 | (5.14–110.51) | < 0.001 | 28 (32.6) | 5.79 | (3.07–10.91) | < 0.001 |
| Rottweiler | 4 (6.8) | 1.79 | (0.58–5.52) | 0.309 | 8 (29.63) | 37.18 | (7.87–175.58) | < 0.001 | 12 (14.0) | 5.59 | (2.60–11.99) | < 0.001 |
| Staff. bull terrier | 6 (10.2) | 2.80 | (1.06–7.41) | 0.038 | 1 (3.7) | 2.86 | (0.25–31.54) | 0.392 | 7 (8.1) | 2.75 | (1.12–6.77) | 0.027 |
| SLU | 59 (68.9) | 59 (45.0) | 1.00 | Ref. | – | |||||||
| NMBU | 27 (60.0) | 27 (20.6) | 0.56 | (0.35–0.90) | 0.015 | |||||||
| Other breeds | 27 (31.1) | 18 (40.0) | 45 (34.4) | |||||||||
| Total | 86 (100.0) | 45 (100.0) | 131 (100.0) | |||||||||
| b) Cranial cruciate ligament disease | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Breed | SLU | NMBU | Combined | |||||||||
| N (%) | OR | 95% CI | P | N (%) | OR | 95% CI | P | N (%) | OR | 95% CI | P | |
| Mixed-breed | 32 (44.4) | 1.00 | Ref. | – | 13 (26.0) | 1.00 | Ref. | – | 45 (36.9) | 1.00 | Ref. | – |
| Border collie | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | 1 (2.0) | 0.79 | (0.10–6.05) | 0.820 | 1 (0.8) | 0.22 | (0.03–1.59) | 0.133 |
| CKCS | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | 2 (4.0) | 1.21 | (0.27–5.36) | 0.805 | 2 (1.6) | 0.29 | (0.07–1.20) | 0.087 |
| Chihuahua | 1 (1.39) | 0.09 | (0.01–0.65) | 0.017 | 1 (2.0) | 0.34 | (0.04–2.61) | 0.299 | 2 (1.6) | 0.15 | (0.04–0.63) | 0.009 |
| English cocker spaniel | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | 1 (2.0) | 0.62 | (0.08–4.76) | 0.648 | 1 (0.8) | 0.15 | (0.02–1.08) | 0.059 |
| German shepherd dog | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | 1 (2.0) | 0.57 | (0.07–4.34) | 0.585 | 1 (0.8) | 0.09 | (0.01–0.64) | 0.016 |
| Golden retriever | 7 (9.7) | 0.64 | (0.28–1.45) | 0.280 | 5 (10.0) | 2.22 | (2.22–1.17) | 0.130 | 12 (9.8) | 1.02 | (0.54–1.93) | 0.959 |
| Jack russel terrier | 7 (9.7) | 1.51 | (0.66–3.43) | 0.330 | 2 (4.0) | 0.94 | (0.21–4.19) | 0.940 | 9 (7.4) | 1.30 | (0.63–2.67) | 0.473 |
| Labrador retriever | 6 (8.3) | 0.44 | (0.18–1.05) | 0.065 | 7 (14.0) | 2.85 | (1.13–7.17) | 0.026 | 13 (10.7) | 0.92 | (0.49–1.72) | 0.795 |
| Rottweiler | 12 (16.7) | 2.18 | (1.12–4.27) | 0.022 | 12 (24.0) | 8.58 | (3.89–18.91) | < 0.001 | 24 (19.7) | 3.78 | (2.29–6.25) | < 0.001 |
| Shetland sheepdog | 3 (4.17) | 0.58 | (0.18–1.91) | 0.373 | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | 3 (2.5) | 0.56 | (0.17–1.81) | 0.332 |
| Staff. bull terrier | 4 (5.6) | 0.76 | (0.27–2.16) | 0.605 | 5 (10.0) | 2.20 | (0.78–6.18) | 0.136 | 9 (7.4) | 1.18 | (0.58–2.42) | 0.651 |
| SLU | 72 (50.3) | 72 (27.7) | 1.00 | Ref. | – | |||||||
| NMBU | 50 (42.7) | 50 (19.2) | 0.65 | (0.45–0.94) | 0.023 | |||||||
| Other breeds | 71 (49.7) | 67 (57.3) | 138 (53.1) | |||||||||
| Total | 143 (100.0) | 117 (100.0) | 260 (100.0) | |||||||||
| c) Medial patellar luxation | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Breed | SLU | NMBU | Combined | |||||||||
| N (%) | OR | 95% CI | P | N (%) | OR | 95% CI | P | N (%) | OR | 95% CI | P | |
| Mixed–breed | 13 (50.0) | 1.00 | Ref. | – | 8 (38.1) | 1.00 | Ref. | – | 21 (44.7) | 1.00 | Ref. | – |
| CKCS | 1 (3.9) | 0.44 | (0.06–3.33) | 0.423 | 3 (14.3) | 2.94 | (0.78–11.11) | 0.112 | 4 (8.2) | 1.25 | (0.43–3.66) | 0.681 |
| Chihuahua | 9 (34.6) | 1.96 | (0.83–4.59) | 0.123 | 8 (38.1) | 4.43 | (1.66–11.82) | 0.003 | 17 (36.2) | 2.8 | (1.47–5.32) | 0.002 |
| Jack russel terrier | 1 (3.9) | 0.53 | (0.07–4.06) | 0.541 | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | 1 (2.1) | 0.31 | (0.42–2.30) | 0.252 |
| Shetland sheepdog | 2 (7.7) | 0.96 | (0.22–4.25) | 0.953 | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | 2 (4.3) | 0.81 | (0.19–3.49) | 0.782 |
| Staff. bull terrier | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | 2 (9.5) | 1.43 | (0.30–6.74) | 0.652 | 2 (4.3) | 0.56 | (0.13–2.40) | 0.435 |
| SLU | 26 (36.1) | 26 (19.8) | 1.00 | Ref. | – | |||||||
| NMBU | 21 (35.6) | 21 (16.0) | 0.72 | (0.40–1.29) | 0.272 | |||||||
| Other breeds | 46 (63.9) | 38 (64.4) | 84 (64.1) | |||||||||
| Total | 72 (100.0) | 59 (100.0) | 131 (100.0) | |||||||||
| d) Fractures of the radius and ulna | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Breed | SLU | NMBU | Combined | |||||||||
| N (%) | OR | 95% CI | P | N (%) | OR | 95% CI | P | N (%) | OR | 95% CI | P | |
| Mixed–breed | 19 (82.6) | 1.00 | Ref. | – | 9 (52.9) | 1.00 | Ref. | – | 28 (70.0) | 1.00 | Ref. | – |
| CKCS | 1 (4.4) | 0.30 | (0.04–2.23) | 0.238 | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | 1 (2.5) | 0.23 | (0.31–1.71) | 0.151 |
| Chihuahua | 3 (13.0) | 0.45 | (0.13–1.51) | 0.195 | 6 (35.3) | 2.95 | (1.05–8.31) | 0.041 | 9 (22.5) | 1.09 | (0.51–2.32) | 0.822 |
| Shetland sheepdog | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | 2 (11.8) | 3.04 | (0.65–14.11) | 0.156 | 2 (5.0) | 0.59 | (0.14–2.51) | 0.478 |
| SLU | 23 (48.9) | 23 (20.2) | 1.00 | Ref. | – | |||||||
| NMBU | 17 (25.4) | 17 (14.9) | 0.62 | (0.33–1.16) | 0.132 | |||||||
| Other breeds | 24 (51.1) | 50 (74.6) | 74 (64.9) | |||||||||
| Total | 47 (100.0) | 67 (100.0) | 114 (100.0) | |||||||||
Results from county-stratified and combined logistic regression analyses presented as Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Breeds without cases of the disease in question were omitted
CKCS Cavalier king Charles spaniel, SLU Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, NMBU Norwegian University of Life Sciences, ref referent category