Table 3.

The Associations between Diagnosis with Type 2 Diabetes and Changes in Physical Activity among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in the United States: The Health and Retirement Study, 2004–2014 (n = 2,394)

Predictors	β	95% CIa	p
Prediagnosis linear slope	−0.29	−0.45, −0.13	<.001
Change in slope postdiagnosis	−0.11	−0.32, 0.09	.26
Change in intercept postdiagnosis	0.54	0.10, 0.97	.02
Age at diagnosis	−0.10	−0.13, −0.06	<.001
Female sex (reference: male)	−1.41	−1.90, −0.92	<.001
Race/ethnicity
White, non-Hispanic	Reference
Black, non-Hispanic	−0.30	−0.98, 0.38	.39
Hispanic/Latino	0.37	−0.61, 1.35	.46
Other, non-Hispanic	0.37	−0.59, 1.34	.45
Education
Less than high school	Reference
High school	0.16	−0.52 , 0.84	.65
Some college	1.01	0.28, 1.73	.006
College or more	2.36	1.34, 3.37	<.001
Depressive symptoms (CES-D score)	−0.43	−0.52, 0.33	<.001
Activities of Daily Living limitations	−1.10	−1.30, −0.90	<.001
Instrumental Activities of Daily Living limitations	−0.42	−0.78, −0.06	.02
Comorbidity countb	−0.44	−0.69, −0.19	.001
Constant (prediagnosis intercept)	12.43	11.39, 13.46	<.001

Note: CES-D = Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale.

^aConfidence interval. ^bComorbidity count is the number of chronic conditions other than diabetes, including high blood pressure, cancer, lung disease, heart disease, stroke, and arthritis. This variable was top coded at 3.