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. 2016 Aug 4;12(1):1–8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajps.2016.07.006

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Comparison between QbT (a) and QbD (b). (QbT: quality by test; QbD: quality by design; QTPP: quality target product profile; CQA: critical quality attributes; CMA: critical material attributes; CPP: critical process parameters; DoE: design of experiments).