Stevens 1996.

Methods	Randomisation: 'randomly assigned' Allocation concealment; opaque sealed envelopes (B) Exclusion after randomisation; yes ITT: no
Participants	Casualty attenders after road traffic accident, dog bite or assault Exclusions: non English speakers, not physically fit to be interviewed; need immediate psychiatric referral, homeless, intoxicated
Interventions	Comparison: debriefing versus questionnaires Time between event and intervention; <24 hrs
Outcomes	PTSD (DSM‐III). BDI. Spielberger IES
Notes	Losses to follow up not by group. PTSD and other psychiatric disorders grouped together Intention to treat: no Intervention standardised: yes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Allocation concealment?	Unclear risk	B ‐ Unclear

BDI: Beck Depression Inventory 
 IES; Impact of Events Scale 
 ITT: Intention to treat 
 HAD: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale 
 PSS: Post‐traumatic Stress DIsorder Symptom Scale 
 PTSD: Post traumatic stress disorder 
 EPDS: Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Score 
 SF‐36: 36 Item Short‐form Health Survey