Table 2.
Summary of Cytokines that Reached Pleurodesis Within 90 Days
| No (N = 6) | Yes (N = 11) | P-value | Total (N = 17) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Summary of BFGF | ||||
| Time 0 | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 4.63 ± 1.94 | 20.51 ± 33.56 | 0.0208 | 14.9 ± 27.68 |
| Median (min to max) | 4.09 (2.85 to 7.79) | 9.55 (3.28 to 120.30) | 6.9499998 (2.85 to 120.30) | |
| Time 24–48 hours | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 28.35 ± 27.24 | 50.88 ± 68.78 | 0.3657 | 42.92 ± 57.55 |
| Median (min to max) | 23.08 (4.91 to 79.28) | 19.15 (8.67 to 242.80) | 19.15 (4.91 to 242.80) | |
| Time 72–96 hours | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 12.1 ± 12.84 | 72.5 ± 182.14 | 0.1594 | 51.18 ± 147.21 |
| Median (min to max) | 7.66 (3.06 to 37.15) | 16.44 (4.59 to 620.71) | 11.31 (3.06 to 620.71) | |
| Time 1 week | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 9.03 ± 4.69 | 109.33 ± 313.61 | 0.1914 | 73.93 ± 252.82 |
| Median (min to max) | 11.15 (3.06 to 13.48) | 15.62 (4.02 to 1054.39) | 12.05 (3.06 to 1054.39) | |
| Time 2 weeks | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 9.48 ± 7.44 | 27.55 ± 23.84 | 0.0444 | 21.17 ± 21.26 |
| Median (min to max) | 8.71 (2.68 to 23.61) | 19.97 (3.10 to 87.14) | 12.1 (2.68 to 87.14) | |
| AUC BFGF | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 163.98 ± 102.47 | 1001.82 ± 2454.63 | 0.1078 | 706.11 ± 1984.78 |
| Median (min to max) | 158.95 (50.65 to 319.87) | 258.38 (76.02 to 8390.62) | 229.22501 (50.65 to 8390.62) | |
| Summary of IL-8 | ||||
| Time 0 | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 75.39 ± 37.28 | 343.05 ± 590.55 | 0.1914 | 248.58 ± 485.58 |
| Median (min to max) | 77.4 (24.28 to 114.84) | 124.43 (39.76 to 2081.83) | 96.230003 (24.28 to 2081.83) | |
| Time 24–48 hours | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 186.17 ± 200.74 | 1167.75 ± 1612.57 | 0.0704 | 821.31 ± 1368.07 |
| Median (min to max) | 98.88 (13.96 to 514.43) | 724.39 (36.53 to 5660.13) | 266.66 (13.96 to 5660.13) | |
| Time 72–96 hours | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 414.56 ± 335.14 | 1539.24 ± 1704.6 | 0.0562 | 1142.29 ± 1469.04 |
| Median (min to max) | 300.79 (114.52 to 991.32) | 975.45 (215.25 to 6108.06) | 612.09003 (114.52 to 6108.06) | |
| Time 1 week | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 598.46 ± 371.61 | 3816.43 ± 3947.67 | 0.0875 | 2680.67 ± 3506.55 |
| Median (min to max) | 493.11 (162.00 to 1163.65) | 1539.89 (202.08 to 10166.08) | 897.04999 (162.00 to 10166.08) | |
| Time 2 weeks | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 604.82 ± 600.05 | 4636.94 ± 5112.12 | 0.012 | 3213.84 ± 4515.65 |
| Median (min to max) | 397 (104.91 to 1750.07) | 3173.5 (112.50 to 16531.11) | 1750.0699 (104.91 to 16531.11) | |
| AUC IL8 | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 6969 ± 4782.11 | 43760.51 ± 37519.05 | 0.009 | 30775.27 ± 34862.54 |
| Median (min to max) | 4903.91 (2308.99 to 14456.05) | 23146.94 (2834.78 to 103954.00) | 14975.12 (2308.99 to 103954.00) | |
| Summary of total TGF-B1 | ||||
| Time 0 | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 1398.47 ± 1378.87 | 1162.72 ± 1461.54 | 0.8407 | 1245.92 ± 1393.81 |
| Median (min to max) | 1012.34 (123.62 to 3531.14) | 483.51 (82.47 to 4635.28) | 600.28003 (82.47 to 4635.28) | |
| Time 24–48 hours | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 1278.32 ± 1272.68 | 1315.74 ± 1550.26 | 1.00 | 1302.53 ± 1417.24 |
| Median (min to max) | 1018.69 (133.52 to 3522.43) | 571.08 (63.74 to 4136.32) | 647.04999 (63.74 to 4136.32) | |
| Time 72–96 hours | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 1571.8 ± 1482.75 | 1457.22 ± 1837.35 | 0.9199 | 1497.66 ± 1673.36 |
| Median (min to max) | 1221.48 (114.46 to 3562.62) | 441.1 (116.35 to 5550.09) | 604.28003 (114.46 to 5550.09) | |
| Time 1 week | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 1568.07 ± 1563.76 | 1748.48 ± 2135.76 | 0.9199 | 1684.81 ± 1903.41 |
| Median (min to max) | 1040.95 (114.46 to 3522.80) | 456.67 (126.30 to 5581.78) | 867.01001 (114.46 to 5581.78) | |
| Time 2 weeks | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 1356.78 ± 1230.5 | 2689.96 ± 4389.06 | 0.8407 | 2219.42 ± 3597.82 |
| Median (min to max) | 1071.63 (144.72 to 3060.38) | 365.6 (125.26 to 14053.40) | 725.17999 (125.26 to 14053.40) | |
| AUC TGF-B1 | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 20705.2 ± 19685.23 | 25958.12 ± 33658.76 | 0.9199 | 24104.15 ± 28911.28 |
| Median (min to max) | 15174.56 (1812.25 to 46234.86) | 6212.96 (2036.35 to 97266.12) | 10390.24 (1812.25 to 97266.12) | |
| Summary of total TGF-B2 | ||||
| Time 0 | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 1329.49 ± 1363.71 | 4111.98 ± 4172.77 | 0.2689 | 3129.93 ± 3652.71 |
| Median (min to max) | 658.77 (230.02 to 3501.36) | 2634.4 (99.00 to 11038.46) | 1596.38 (99.00 to 11038.46) | |
| Time 24–48 hours | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 1459.64 ± 1513.17 | 3692.98 ± 4243.26 | 0.4214 | 2904.74 ± 3630.3 |
| Median (min to max) | 751.09 (175.36 to 3493.36) | 2255.11 (98.93 to 12222.38) | 1845.08 (98.93 to 12222.38) | |
| Time 72–96 hours | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 1736.02 ± 1984.5 | 3873.75 ± 3903.92 | 0.3149 | 3119.26 ± 3444.56 |
| Median (min to max) | 698.38 (264.24 to 4835.21) | 3251.09 (151.67 to 12404.91) | 2869.52 (151.67 to 12404.91) | |
| Time 1 week | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 1533.93 ± 1701.62 | 3823.37 ± 3719.29 | 0.2278 | 3015.34 ± 3289.74 |
| Median (min to max) | 558.37 (322.34 to 3816.11) | 2517.12 (266.47 to 10349.66) | 2464.8601 (266.47 to 10349.66) | |
| Time 2 weeks | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 1718.48 ± 2061.88 | 3440.72 ± 2901.04 | 0.1317 | 2832.87 ± 2703.39 |
| Median (min to max) | 514.49 (278.36 to 4945.72) | 2423.71 (346.44 to 8852.58) | 2240.1699 (278.36 to 8852.58) | |
| AUC TGF-B2 | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 22513.56 ± 25179.88 | 52287.8 ± 49868.3 | 0.1914 | 41779.25 ± 44356.74 |
| Median (min to max) | 8353.97 (4287.96 to 55075.76) | 36137.89 (4446.90 to 141713.42) | 35750.746 (4287.96 to 141713.42) | |
| Summary of total TGF-B3 | ||||
| Time 0 | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 419.73 ± 564.55 | 557.59 ± 803.18 | 0.5465 | 508.93 ± 712.32 |
| Median (min to max) | 151.21 (75.30 to 1526.56) | 260.25 (87.95 to 2874.90) | 230.12 (75.30 to 2874.90) | |
| Time 24–48 hours | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 418.03 ± 527.33 | 463.36 ± 514.46 | 0.4817 | 447.36 ± 502.81 |
| Median (min to max) | 189.43 (59.92 to 1445.91) | 251.22 (100.39 to 1860.71) | 221.8 (59.92 to 1860.71) | |
| Time 72–96 hours | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 439.58 ± 502.38 | 492.94 ± 506.36 | 0.5465 | 474.1 ± 489.71 |
| Median (min to max) | 221.71 (79.28 to1403.95) | 391.29 (101.10 to 1874.01) | 271.48999 (79.28 to 1874.01) | |
| Time 1 week | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 429.68 ± 513.93 | 550.1 ± 548.28 | 0.4817 | 507.6 ± 523.4 |
| Median (min to max) | 201.79 (90.56 to 1414.93) | 389.99 (68.33 to 2014.62) | 387.37 (68.33 to 2014.62) | |
| Time 2 weeks | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 476.75 ± 537.46 | 600.83 ± 768.13 | 0.6875 | 557.04 ± 680.27 |
| Median (min to max) | 194.45 (71.16 to 1367.14) | 472.59 (74.35 to 2803.65) | 412.07999 (71.16 to 2803.65) | |
| AUC TGF-B3 | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 6187.52 ± 7220.26 | 7581.11 ± 8329.83 | 0.6153 | 7089.25 ± 7754.28 |
| Median (min to max) | 2685.16 (1371.54 to 19711.10) | 5571.5 (1141.01 to 30743.73) | 5387.1396 (1141.01 to 30743.73) | |
| Summary of VEGF | ||||
| Time 0 | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 1376.93 ± 2414.69 | 11762.51 ± 15975.89 | 0.035 | 8097.01 ± 13693.51 |
| Median (min to max) | 478.36 (134.75 to 6295.39) | 2311.1 (296.12 to 45284.12) | 745.02002 (134.75to45284.12) | |
| Time 24–48 hours | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 1842.58 ± 2550.83 | 14605.92 ± 18598.93 | 0.021 | 10101.21 ± 16054.95 |
| Median (min to max) | 634.74 (296.57 to 6874.28) | 3489.2 (1143.42 to 57380.80) | 2195.95 (296.57 to 57380.80) | |
| Time 72–96 hours | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 1800.04 ± 2512.52 | 15899.53 ± 20890.9 | 0.016 | 10923.24 ± 17971.6 |
| Median (min to max) | 916.98 (266.70 to 6813.00) | 5407.15 (1004.13 to 66815.98) | 1785.59 (266.70 to 66815.98) | |
| Time 1 week | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 1674.19 ± 2542.72 | 14595.26 ± 20582.05 | 0.012 | 10034.88 ± 17529.82 |
| Median (min to max) | 832.9 (225.24 to 6813.00) | 8128.32 (825.23 to 67123.98) | 1782.71 (225.24 to 67123.98) | |
| Time 2 weeks | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 2239 ± 4096.85 | 15820.22 ± 16513.53 | 0.021 | 11026.85 ± 14847.11 |
| Median (min to max) | 711.07 (164.76 to 10563.39) | 10061.64 (811.32 to 43031.78) | 1173.42 (164.76 to 43031.78) | |
| AUC VEGF | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 25896.97 ± 40755.28 | 211133.43 ± 259132.97 | 0.012 | 145755.86 ± 225418.68 |
| Median (min to max) | 11474.5 (3426.43 to 108341.48) | 113531.49 (13519.15 to 828954.31) | 24193.99 (3426.43 to 828954.31) |
*
AUC: Area under the curve