Table 7. Characteristics of hip OA related to GMed.
| Report | Cases | References to GMedS |
| Širka A et al.104) | Patients with hip OA (n=56) | GMed atrophy grade was significantly higher in the OA group |
| Shih CH et al.105) | Patients with unilateral hip OA (n=20) | Hip abd. strength was lower but not significantly. |
| Hurwitz DE et al.106) | Patients with unilateral hip OA (n=19) | Hip abd. kinematics were not significantly lower in the OA group (p=0.087) |
| Watanabe H et al.107) | Female patients with unilateral hip OA (n=84) | GMed EMG amplitude was not significantly changed |
| Watelain E et al.108) | Patients with unilateral hip OA (n=22) | Hip abd. joint moment was not significantly changed |
| Sims KJ et al.109) | Patients with unilateral hip OA (n=19) | GMed EMG amplitude was significantly increased (p=0.037) compared with controls |
| Arokoski MH et al.110) | Patients with hip OA (n=27) | Hip isometric abd. strength was significantly lower than in controls |
| Rasch A et al.111) | Patients with unilateral hip OA (n=11) | Hip abd. strength was significantly decreased in OA group |
| Eimre M et al.112) | Patients with hip OA who underwent GMed biopsy (n=60) | OA was associated with increased sensitivity of mitochondrialrespiration to ADP |
| Kubota M et al.113) | Patients with bilateral hip OA (n=12) | Peak abd. angle was significantly lower in OA |
| Peak abd. joint moment was significantly lower in OA | ||
| Amaro A et al.114) | Patients with hip OA (n=41) | GMed atrophy was correlated with pain score and pain score wascorrelated with radiographic signs of OA |
| Rasch A et al.115) | Patients with unilateral hip OA (n=22) | Hip abd. strength was significantly decreased in the OA group |
| GMed/GMin size was significantly decreased in the OA group on MRI | ||
| Grimaldi A et al.116) | Patients with advanced hip OA (n=6) | GMed volume was significantly smaller on the affected side in the severe OA group on MRI |
| Patients with mild hip OA (n=6) | ||
| Rasch A et al.117) | Patients with unilateral hip OA (n=22) | Hip abd. strength was significantly lower on the affected side compared with the contralateral side in the OA group |
| Youdas JW et al.118) | Patients with unilateral hip OA (n=20) | Hip abd. strength was significantly lower in the OA group |
| Fukumoto Yet al.119) | Patients with hip OA (n=24) | GMed echo intensity was significantly higher (p<0.05) |
| GMed size was not significantly changed | ||
| Dwyer MK et al.120) | Patients with unilateral Hip OA (n=13) | GMed EMG amplitude was significantly increased (p=0.037) |
| Judd DL et al.121) | Patients with unilateral end-stage hip OA (n=26) | Hip abd. strength was not significantly lower in the OA group (p=0.23) |
| Hatton A et al.122) | Patients with symptomatic hip chondropathy diagnosed by endoscopy (n=63) | Dynamic single-leg standing balance was significantly reduced in the OA group |
| Rutherford DJ et al.123) | Patients with hip OA (n=20) | Ambulatory individuals with severe OA had less dynamic gluteusmedius activation compared with the other two groups. |
| French HP et al.124) | Patients with hip OA (n=13) | GMed EMG amplitude was significantly greater in the OA group during step-up and -down exercises |
| Hip abd. strength was significantly decreased in the OA group | ||
| Zacharias A et al.125) | Patients with unilateral hip OA (n=20) | Hip abd. strength was significantly decreased compared with thecontralateral side and with controls. |
| (severe cases n=13) | GMed size was smaller on the affected side in severe OA than on the contralateral side or in controls | |
| Nankaku M et al.126) | Female patients with unilateral THA (n=74) | Preoperative gluteus medius atrophy was correlated to limping after THA |
| Momose T et al.127) | Patients with unilateral hip OA (n=50) | Hip abd. strength was correlated to HHS/CT density |
| Hip abd. strength was significantly decreased compared with thecontralateral side | ||
| Zacharias A et al.128) | Patients with unilateral hip OA (n=20) | Hip abd. strength significantly decreased compared with controls |
| Gluteal muscle atrophy was associated with clinical severity of OA | ||
| Loureiro A et al.129) | Patients with symptomatic hip OA (n=19) | Hip abd. strength was significantly decreased compared with controls |
| GMed volume was not significantly decreased compared with controls | ||
| Zacharias A et al.130) | Patients with unilateral Hip OA (n=20) | GMin EMG amplitude in gait was significantly increased |
OA: osteoarthritis; GMed: gluteus medius; GMin, gluteus minimus; abd.: abductor; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; THA: total hip arthroplasty; EMG: electromyography; HHS: Harris Hip Score; CT: computed tomography.