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. 2020 Feb 20;10:3097. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-60047-w

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Comparison of ligamentous potential in cells derived from middle and distal third of ACL remnant regions. (a) mRNA expressions were compared by qRT-PCR. Ligamentous-related genes: COL1, COL3, and TNC. Red, Middle (n = 8); Blue, Distal (n = 8). (b) Cell proliferation rates were determined using a WST assay. X axis: days; Y axis: OD value (450 nm) (n = 6). Cells in both regions were stimulated with PDGF (25 μg/ml) for seven days and analysed by (c) Total collagen assay and (d) Sirius Red staining. Open circle, Vehicle (n = 4); Closed circle, PDGF (n = 4). Representative data are shown. (e) PDGF-stimulated cells at day 3 were analysed by qRT-PCR. Ligamentous-related genes: COL1, COL3, and TNC; Open circle, Vehicle (n = 4); Closed circle, PDGF (n = 4). (f) PDGF-stimulated cells at day 3 were analysed by immunofluorescence. Green, SMA-alexa-488; Red, COL1-cy3; Blue, DAPI; Scale bar: 50 μm. Representative image data are shown (n = 3). Error bars show standard error of the mean. *p < 0.05.