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. 2020 Feb 20;11:978. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-14739-6

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a Schematic representation of signaling network downstream modules and feedback module. Red dashed box indicates each confined reaction module. b Twelve percent PAGE analysis of signaling network modules, including ion-mediated catalytic reaction, a DNA circuit reaction and protein enzyme-assisted DNA degradation. DNA cascade reactions were performed in a 37 °C water bath. Lane 1: F strand; Lane 2: T strand; Lane 3: Hybrids of E and Sub-I (E/Sub-I); Lane 4: M strand; Lane 5: Hybrids of T and S-II (T/S-II); Lane 6: Former four DNA reagents; Lane 7: Sample in lane 6 treated with Pvu II; Lane 8: Samples of lane 6 adding zinc ion; Lane 9: Samples of lane 6 treated with Pvu II and zinc ion. Plus (“+”) mark indicates the presence of the corresponding molecule. c Fluorescence kinetics showing the dynamic DNA strand displacement of feedback pathway. As shown by the red arrow, the 20 nM strand I and 10 mM Sr²⁺ were successively added into the 20 nM S_GR duplex solution. Source data are provided in the Source Data file.