Table 2.

Hand dexterity and grip strength test before surgery (Test 1) and after 2 hours of operating (Test 2)

	Test 1	Test 2	P value
Hand dexterity test
Right hand
Robot	13.5	13.0	0.18
Laparoscopy	13.5	14.0	0.17
Left hand
Robot	11.4	10.9	0.32
Laparoscopy	11.5	10.8	0.38
Both hands
Robot	9.9	8.9	0.06
Laparoscopy	9.6	9.8	0.76
Assemble
Robot	7.8	7.6	0.52
Laparoscopy	8.2	8.0	0.71
Hand grip strength test (kg)
Right hand
Robot	36.9	36.1	0.42
Laparoscopy	37.7	35.0	0.04*
Left hand
Robot	31.1	30.6	0.61
Laparoscopy	32.3	29.0	0.02*