Table 2.

Associations Between Changes in Biomarker Levels and Changes in LVEF

Biomarker	Contemporaneous		Subsequent Visit
	Beta (95% CI)	P Value	Beta (95% CI)	P Value
hs‐cTnT	−0.6 (−1.1 to −0.1)	0.019	−0.3 (−0.8 to 0.2)	0.313
NT‐proBNP	−0.6 (−1.1 to −0.2)	0.003	−0.7 (−1.2 to −0.2)	0.004
PIGF	0.6 (−0.1 to 1.4)	0.100	1.1 (0–2.2)	0.056
GDF‐15	−0.2 (−0.9 to 0.5)	0.608	−0.3 (−1.4 to 0.7)	0.544
Myeloperoxidase	0.4 (−0.1 to 0.8)	0.105	0.4 (−0.2 to 0.9)	0.225

Biomarker levels were log2 transformed. Beta estimates represent the absolute change in the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) for each doubling of biomarker levels from baseline to the same (contemporaneous) visit or the subsequent change in LVEF for each doubling in biomarker levels from baseline to the prior visit. Associations were adjusted for baseline variables including cancer therapy regimen, baseline LVEF, baseline biomarker levels, age, hypertension, smoking, body mass index, and time since treatment initiation (modeled nonparametrically using a cubic spline, its effect allowed to vary across treatment groups by including an interaction term). GDF‐15 indicates growth differentiation factor 15; hs‐cTnT, high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin T; NT‐proBNP, N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide; PIGF, placental growth factor.