Table 2.
Angiographic and Procedural Characteristics of Lesions
| Variable | Overall Lesions (n=230) | Nonischemic Post‐PCI FFR (>0.80; n=146) | Ischemic Post‐PCI FFR (≤0.80; n=84) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diffuse disease | 66 (28.7) | 27 (18.5) | 39 (46.4) | 0.0001 |
| Moderate–severe calcification | 54 (23.5) | 28 (19.2) | 26 (31) | 0.04 |
| Moderate–severe tortuosity | 44 (19.1) | 24 (16.4) | 20 (23.8) | 0.17 |
| Lesion location | ||||
| LAD | 103 (44.8) | 41 (28.1) | 62 (73.8) | <0.0001 |
| LCX | 57 (24.8) | 49 (33.6) | 8 (9.5) | |
| RCA | 65 (28.3) | 51 (34.9) | 14 (16.7) | |
| Ramus | 3 (1.3) | 3 (2.1) | 0 (0) | |
| Left main | 2 (0.9) | 2 (1.4) | 0 (0) | |
| Angiographic severity | ||||
| Intermediate (50–69%) | 22 (9.6) | 10 (6.8) | 12 (14.3) | 0.07 |
| Severe (≥70%) | 208 (90.4) | 136 (93.2) | 72 (85.7) | |
| In‐stent restenosis | 34 (14.8) | 20 (13.7) | 14 (16.7) | 0.9 |
| Pre‐PCI stenosis | 80 (70–90) | 80 (70–90) | 80 (70–93) | 0.86 |
| Post‐PCI stenosis | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.07 |
| Intervention | ||||
| Balloon angioplasty | 18 (7.8) | 9 (6.2) | 9 (10.7) | 0.46 |
| DES | 200 (87) | 129 (88.4) | 71 (84.5) | |
| BMS | 12 (5.2) | 8 (5.5) | 4 (4.8) | |
| Stent diameter, mm | 2.78±0.38 | 2.84±0.42 | 2.69±0.28 | 0.008 |
| Total stent length, mm | 24.1±20 | 23.5±12.9 | 25.3±15 | 0.36 |
| Pre‐PCI Pd/Pa | 0.86 (0.72–0.91) | 0.89 (0.76–0.93) | 0.79 (0.64–0.88) | <0.0001 |
| Post‐PCI Pd/Pa | 0.94 (0.89–97) | 0.96 (0.93–0.99) | 0.88 (0.86–0.91) | <0.0001 |
| Pre‐PCI FFR | 0.69 (0.54–0.75) | 0.72 (0.60–0.77) | 0.61 (0.43–0.71) | <0.0001 |
| Post‐PCI FFR | 0.85 (0.77–0.90) | 0.89 (0.86–0.92) | 0.75 (0.71–0.78) | <0.0001 |
| Final FFR[Link] | 0.86 (0.79–0.90) | 0.89 (0.86–0.92) | 0.77 (0.73–0.80) | <0.0001 |
| FFR drift | 0.01 (0–0.03) | 0.0 1 (0–0.03) | 0.02 (0.01–0.03) | 0.08 |
| TSG (n=138)a | 0.04 (0.02–0.06) | 0.03 (0.1–0.05) | 0.06 (00.4–0.08) | <0.0001 |
| TSG >0.04 | 58 (42) | 20 (25) | 38 (65.5) | <0.0001 |
Data are shown as mean±SD, n (%) or median (interquartile range). BMS indicates bare metal stent; DES, drug‐eluting stent; FFR, fractional flow reserve; LAD, left anterior descending; LCX, left circumflex; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; Pd/Pa, ratio of resting pressure distal to an obstruction to arterial pressure; RCA, right coronary artery; TSG, trans‐stent fractional flow reserve gradient.
FFR in vessel with low FFR that underwent further intervention (see Methods).
TSG equals the FFR proximal to the stent minus FFR distal to the stent.