Table 3.

Homocysteine‐Related Prevalence and Incidence Ratios for Calcification Outcomes Among Participants of the MESA^a

Calcification Outcome	Hcy Tertile			Hcy
	1	2	3	>12 μmol/L
Prevalentb
Coronary artery calcium	ref	1.08 (1.02–1.15) 0.007c	1.11 (1.05–1.17) <0.001c	1.07 (1.02–1.12) 0.003c
Aortic valve calcification	ref	0.92 (0.77–1.11) 0.39	1.15 (0.96–1.38) 0.14	1.13 (0.97–1.32) 0.12
Mitral annular calcification	ref	1.14 (0.89–1.47) 0.31	1.43 (1.12–1.82) 0.004c	1.18 (0.97–1.43) 0.09
Descending thoracic aortic calcification	ref	1.09 (1.00–1.19) 0.04c	1.07 (0.98–1.17) 0.16	1.02 (0.95–1.10) 0.57
Incidentd
Coronary artery calcium	ref	1.00 (0.89–1.12) 0.98	1.05 (0.93–1.19) 0.44	1.21 (1.04–1.40) 0.01c
Aortic valve calcification	ref	1.15 (0.66–1.99) 0.62	1.03 (0.56–1.88) 0.94	1.07 (0.62–1.85) 0.80
Mitral annular calcification	ref	0.94 (0.56–1.56) 0.81	0.90 (0.51–1.61) 0.73	1.21 (0.60–2.43) 0.60
Descending thoracic aortic calcification	ref	0.93 (0.71–1.21) 0.57	1.00 (0.75–1.32) 0.98	1.29 (1.01–1.64) 0.04c

Hcy indicates homocysteine; MESA, Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; ref, reference group.

^aRelative risk regression (log‐link) adjusted for age, race, sex, education, clinic site, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cigarette smoking, total cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, creatinine‐based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR_cr), statin use, and C‐reactive protein. Individuals with missing covariate data were excluded (n=70 for prevalent‐case analysis, and n=32 for incident‐case analysis).

^bData shown are prevalence ratios, 95% CIs and P values.

^cData with significant P values.

^dData shown are incidence ratios, 95% CIs and P values.