Table 2.
Comparison of Baseline Characteristics of Patients With and Without Mortality in the Training Cohort
| Variable | Death (n=85) | Survival (n=332) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | |||
| Age, y | 70.9±10.1 | 63.5±11.8 | 0.001 |
| Male, n (%) | 47 (55.3) | 212 (63.9) | 0.147 |
| Vascular risk factors, n (%) | |||
| Hypertension | 65 (70.6) | 216 (65.1) | 0.336 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 16 (8.8) | 61 (18.4) | 0.924 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 5 (5.9) | 29 (8.7) | 0.391 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 46 (54.1) | 127 (38.3) | 0.008 |
| Smoking | 17 (20.0) | 94 (28.3) | 0.122 |
| Coronary heart disease | 24 (28.2) | 84 (25.3) | 0.582 |
| Clinical data | |||
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 153.3±25.4 | 144.9±25.6 | 0.007 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 86.5±14.8 | 83.7±14.8 | 0.123 |
| Time from onset to puncture, min | 250.0 (202.0, 307.0) | 239.0 (184.0, 295.0) | 0.195 |
| Time from puncture to recanalization, min | 65.0 (49.0, 116.0) | 68.0 (49.0, 100.0) | 0.353 |
| Baseline NIHSS, score | 19.0 (15.0, 24.0) | 16 (12.0, 19.0) | 0.001 |
| Baseline ASPECTS, score | 9.0 (8.0, 10.0) | 9.0 (8.0, 10.0) | 0.121 |
| Cause of stroke, n (%) | |||
| Atherosclerotic | 33 (38.8) | 150 (45.2) | 0.210 |
| Cardioembolic | 50 (58.8) | 164 (49.2) | |
| Others | 2 (2.4) | 18 (5.4) | |
| Poor collateral status | 59 (69.4) | 139 (41.8) | 0.001 |
| Procedural modes, n (%) | |||
| Stent retriever only | 44 (51.8) | 150 (45.2) | 0.218 |
| Stent retriever with rescue therapya | 38 (44.7) | 153 (46.1) | |
| Other modes without stent retrieverb | 3 (3.5) | 29 (8.7) | |
| Passes of stent retriever | 2.0 (1.0, 3.0) | 2.0 (1.0, 3.0) | 0.013 |
| Vascular occlusion site, n (%) | |||
| ICA | 42 (49.4) | 122 (36.7) | 0.033 |
| MCA | 43 (50.6) | 210 (63.3) | |
| Previous IVT, n (%) | 27 (31.8) | 126 (38.0) | 0.291 |
| sICH, n (%) | 31 (36.5) | 22 (6.6) | 0.001 |
| Laboratory data | |||
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.1±1.2 | 4.2±1.0 | 0.429 |
| Triglyceride, mmol/L | 1.0 (0.6, 1.6) | 1.1 (0.7, 1.5) | 0.125 |
| Low‐density lipoprotein, mmol/L | 2.2 (1.7, 2.9) | 2.4 (1.9, 3.0) | 0.164 |
| High‐density lipoprotein, mmol/L | 1.2±0.4 | 1.2±0.3 | 0.416 |
| Baseline blood glucose level, mmol/L | 9.2±5.1 | 7.2±2.6 | 0.001 |
| hs‐CRP, mg/L | 11.0 (3.1, 28.6) | 8.0 (2.5, 22.5) | 0.173 |
ASPECTS indicates, the Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score; hs‐CRP, hypersensitive C‐reactive protein; ICA, internal carotid artery; IVT, intravenous thrombolysis; MCA, middle cerebral artery; NIHSS, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale; sICH, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage.
a
Rescue therapy includes balloon angioplasty, permanent implantation of stent, intra‐arterial thrombolysis, or intra‐arterial tirofiban infusion.
b
Other modes include balloon angioplasty with or without implantation of stent.