Table 5.
The effect of geographic parameters on the seropositivity for T. gondii in livestock species.
| Factor | Species | Statistically significant | Not statistically significant |
|---|---|---|---|
| Region, province, municipality, prefecture or district | Pigs | 17, 20, 22, 53, 67 | 6 |
| Sheep | 15, 32, 35, 45, 53, 50, 59, 69, 83, 90, 92, 98, 106 | 23, 81, 88, 95 | |
| Goats | 8, 19, 26, 32, 35, 47, 92 | 81, 88, 95, 107 | |
| Cattle | 32, 48, 53, 95 | 78, 79 | |
| Equids | 40, 54, 101 | 31 | |
| Chicken | 4 | 89 | |
| Altitude | Pigs | 6, 86 | – |
| Sheep | 2, 7, 35, 36, 49, 77 | 14, 81 | |
| Goats | 8, 49 | 35, 81 | |
| Mean monthly temperatures | Pigs | 34 | 6 |
| Sheep | 7 | – | |
| Mean annual rainfall | Pigs | 34 | 6 |
| Sheep | 7 | – | |
| Climate | Pigs | 6 | – |
| Goats | 8 | – | |
| Relative humidity | Pigs | 34 | – |
| Hills relative to plains | Pigs | – | 80 |
| Generalized land cover | Sheep | 49 | – |
| Goats | 49 | – | |
| Distance to next village | Sheep | – | 81 |
| Goats | – | 81 | |
| Rural environment relative to urban environment | Sheep | – | 95 |
| Goats | – | 95 | |
| Cattle | – | 95 | |
| Equids | 5 | – | |
| Terrain waterlogged (versus rough and flat) | Sheep | 69 | – |
| Semi-desert | Goats | 3 | – |
Coding of references: 2 = Alvarado-Esquivel et al. (2013a), 3 = Alvarado-Esquivel et al. (2011), 4 = Alvarado-Esquivel et al. (2012a), 5 = Alvarado-Esquivel et al. (2012b), 6 = Alvarado-Esquivel et al. (2014), 7 = Alvarado-Esquivel et al. (2013b), 8 = Alvarado-Esquivel et al. (2013c), 14 = Condoleo et al. (2016), 15 = Cosendey-KezenLeite et al. (2014), 17 = Damriyasa et al. (2004), 19 = de Moura et al. (2016), 20 = de Sousa et al. (2014), 22 = Deksne and Kirjusina (2013), 23 = Deksne et al. (2017), 26 = Djokic et al. (2014), 31 = Garcia-Bocanegra et al. (2012), 32 = Garcia-Bocanegra et al. (2013), 34 = Garcia-Bocanegra et al. (2010b), 35 = Gazzonis et al. (2015), 36 = Gebremedhin et al. (2013), 40 = Guerra et al. (2018), 45 = Holec-Gasior et al. (2015), 47 = Iovu et al. (2012), 48 = Jokelainen et al. (2017), 49 = Kantzoura et al. (2013), 50 = Katzer et al. (2011), 53 = Klun et al. (2006), 54 = Kouam et al. (2010), 59 = Magalhaes et al. (2016), 67 = Pastiu et al. (2013), 69 = Rizzo et al. (2017), 77 = Skjerve et al. (1998), 78 = Sun et al. (2015), 79 = Tan et al. (2015), 80 = Tao et al. (2011), 81 = Tzanidakis et al. (2012), 83 = Verhelst et al. (2014), 86 = Villari et al. (2009), 88 = Xu et al. (2015), 90 = Zhang et al. (2016), 92 = Zou et al. (2015), 95 = Tilahun et al. (2018), 98 = Yin et al. (2015), 101 = Bartova et al. (2017), 106 = Jokelainen et al. (2010), 107 = Shuralev et al. (2018).