Table 7.

Livestock species-specific parameters as putative risk factors for T. gondii seropositivity.

Species	Factor	Statistically significant	Not statistically significant
Pigs	Complete production cycle performed on farm (farrow-to-finish)	17 (p), 34, 55 (p), 86 (p)	–
	Only part of production cycle performed on farm	17, 53, 55	–
	Origin of replacement sows, Source of pigs (own farm versus outside)	–	17, 55
Cattle	Mixed farming	–	78
	Beef farm (relative to dairy and mixed)	48 (p)	32, 78
	Feeder/stocker/backgrounder (versus feeder/stocker)	21	–
Sheep	Purpose subsistence (versus breeding/rebreeding/fattening)	69	–
	Purpose (meat, milk, mixed)	–	68
	Mixed (milk, meat)	14	–
Goats	Additional uses to dairy	26	–
	Purpose meat (versus genetic enhancement)	68	–
	Purpose (milk/meat/mix)	–	19, 68
Chicken	Breeders	89	–
	Layers	89	–
	Broilers	89 (p)	–
Equids	Racing	–	54
	Recreation	–	54
	Farming	54	–
	Use (breeding versus ceremonial, research or sports)a	101	–

(p) = protective factor; coding of references: 14 = Condoleo et al. (2016), 17 = Damriyasa et al. (2004), 19 = de Moura et al. (2016), 21 = de Souza et al. (2016), 26 = Djokic et al. (2014), 32 = Garcia-Bocanegra et al. (2013), 34 = Garcia-Bocanegra et al., 2010a, Garcia-Bocanegra et al., 2010b, 48 = Jokelainen et al. (2017), 53 = Klun et al. (2006), 54 = Kouam et al. (2010), 55 = Limon et al. (2017), 68 = Rego et al. (2016), 69 = Rizzo et al. (2017), 78 = Sun et al. (2015), 80 = Tao et al. (2011), 86 = Villari et al. (2009), 89 = Xu et al. (2012), 101 = Bartova et al. (2017).

^aStatistics not conclusive.