Table 2.
Summary on the recent field trials involving health education. (av: average, BL: baseline, Child.: children, ctl.: control, HCC: human cysticercosis, int.: intervention m.: month(s), PCC: porcine cysticercosis, pi.:pig(s), TS: taeniasis, X: no results for this variable, y.: years, ≠: difference).
| Country, region | Year | Population size/coverage | Intervention | Improvement |
Follow-up period | Random | Control | Citation | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Knowledge | Practice/attitude |
Active HCC | |||||||||
| + | – | ||||||||||
| Tanzania, Mbulu | 2010–2012 | 2700 child., 60 schools | Video show, education by trained teacher, leaflet. | Increased 10% (int.) and 6% (control) after 6 m. on TS, PCC, HCC, epilepsy. | Condemning infected meat (int.), how best to raise pi. (control). | Contacting a veterinarian for infected pi. | X | Immediately, 6 m., 12 m. | Yes | Yes | (Mwidunda et al., 2015) |
| Tanzania, Mbeya | 2014 | 79 professionals | Presentation, work on computer with ‘The vicious worm’. | Improved, immediately (p = 0.001) and 2w. after (p < 0.001). | efficient, simple, appealing. | computer-based design, suggestion: supplement leaflets | X | Immediately, 2w. | No | No, BL used as control. | (Ertel et al., 2017) |
| Zambia, Katete District | Jul’ and Nov’ 16 | 3 primary schools, 99 students | 1/2-day workshops using ‘The vicious worm’. | High at BL (av. 62%), significantly improved immediately after (P < 0.05 (part of the questions in 1 school), (P < 0.001 for all questions in 2 schools). | X | X | Planned in study neighbourhood | No | No, BL used as control. | (Hobbs et al., 2018) | |
| Burkina Faso, Boulkiemdé, Sanguié and Nayala | 2011–14 | 60 villages (2 excluded), 4645 eligible pp., | screening and discussion of a movie, and a Self-esteem, Associative strengths, Resourcefulness, Action planning, Responsibility (SARAR) approach via the Participatory Hygiene and Sanitation Transformation (PHAST) model. | X | Increase of proportion HHs with latrine. | No difference in pi. penning | Effective in 2/3 provinces. Decrease in cumulative incidence: ratio = 0·65, (95% C.I. 0·39–1·05) and decrease in prev. proportion ratio = 0·84 (95% C.I. 0·59–1·18). from BL to after int. | BL, 18 m. (before intervention), 36 m (18 m. after int.). | Cluster-randomization | Yes | (Carabin et al., 2018) |