Skip to main content
. 2020 Feb 14;11:104. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00104

Figure 8.

Figure 8

Hypothetical schematic of the study. TFR and TFH and subgroups (TFH1/TFH2/TFH17) in normal human body (GALT and peripheral blood) are in equilibrium (left). When UC occurs and the disease is active (middle), (1) changes in microenvironment caused by certain factors, such as antigen or intestinal flora lead to a decrease in the number and/or function of TFR by some pathways; (2) changes in cytokines, such as IL12, IL-21, and IL-10 in the microenvironment also act on TFH to promotes elevated levels and subpopulation changes of TFH; (3) TFR and changes in cytokines act on TFH and act indirectly and/or directly on B cells; (4) B cells (memory B or plasma cells) have enhanced immune function, resulting in increased serum antibody levels and active clinical stage; (5) when the microenvironment of the body recovers, level and/or function of TFR and TFH are restored, TFR restores normal inhibition of excessive serum antibody production of B cell, helping UC patients progress from active to stable remission (right).