Table 5.
Odds ratios (ORs) for reported disability due to musculoskeletal pain within the last year according to various measures of load carrying exposure, Shinyanga Region, Tanzania, July–August 20161.
| Characteristics | Disability due to pain | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Disability due to head pain, last 12 months | Disability due to neck pain, last 12 months | Disability due to back pain, last 12 months | Disability due to knee pain, last 12 months | Disability due to feet/ankle pain, last 12 months | ||||||||||||||||
| No (n = 55) | Yes (n = 27) | OR | 95% CI | No (n = 43) | Yes (n = 39) | OR | 95% CI | No (n = 54) | Yes (n = 28) | OR | 95% CI | No (n = 60) | Yes (n = 22) | OR | 95% CI | No (n = 60) | Yes (n = 20) | OR | 95% CI | |
| Weight of load (n = 80) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Low | 15 (27.3) | 12 (48.0) | 1.00 | 13 (31.0) | 14 (36.8) | 1.00 | 19 (35.9) | 8 (29.6) | 1.00 | 20 (33.9) | 7 (33.3) | 1.00 | 21 (34.4) | 6 (31.6) | 1.00 | |||||
| Medium | 23 (41.8) | 6 (24.0) | 0.29 | (0.08, 1.04) | 18 (42.9) | 11 (29.0) | 0.54 | (0.18, 1.64) | 20 (37.7) | 9 (33.3) | 1.09 | (0.32, 3.77) | 21 (35.6) | 8 (38.1) | 1.19 | (0.33, 4.37) | 22 (36.1) | 7 (36.8) | 1.19 | (0.30, 4.67) |
| High | 17 (30.9) | 7 (28.0) | 0.47 | (0.14, 1.64) | 11 (26.2) | 13 (34.2) | 1.02 | (0.32, 3.25) | 14 (26.4) | 10 (37.0) | 1.66 | (0.47, 5.79) | 18 (30.5) | 6 (28.6) | 0.99 | (0.25, 3.87) | 18 (29.5) | 6 (31.6) | 1.12 | (0.28, 4.56) |
| Average load carry duration (n = 82) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Low | 24 (43.6) | 11 (40.7) | 1.00 | 9 (26.5) | 13 (37.1) | 1.00 | 15 (34.9) | 7 (26.9) | 1.00 | 15 (31.3) | 7 (33.3) | 1.00 | 15 (30.0) | 7 (36.8) | 1.00 | |||||
| Medium | 20 (36.4) | 12 (44.4) | 1.14 | (0.40, 3.27) | 16 (47.1) | 16 (45.7) | 1.02 | (0.38, 2.72) | 21 (48.8) | 11 (42.3) | 1.25 | (0.41, 3.80) | 23 (47.9) | 9 (42.9) | 1.03 | (0.32, 3.32) | 25 (50.0) | 7 (36.8) | 0.70 | (0.20, 2.45) |
| High | 11 (20.0) | 4 (14.8) | 0.66 | (0.16, 2.67) | 9 (26.5) | 6 (17.1) | 0.41 | (0.19, 2.34) | 7 (16.3) | 8 (30.8) | 2.92 | (0.78, 11.01) | 10 (20.8) | 5 (23.8) | 1.35 | (0.33, 5.54) | 10 (20.0) | 5 (26.3) | 0.74 | (0.32, 5.76) |
| # of Loads/Week (n = 82) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Low | 20 (36.4) | 8 (29.6) | 1.00 | 13 (30.2) | 15 (38.5) | 1.00 | 19 (35.2) | 9 (32.1) | 1.00 | 24 (40.0) | 4 (18.2) | 1.00 | 20 (32.3) | 8 (40.0) | 1.00 | |||||
| Medium | 22 (40.0) | 11 (40.7) | 1.37 | (0.44, 4.23) | 16 (37.2) | 17 (43.6) | 0.84 | (0.30, 2.37) | 22 (40.7) | 11 (39.3) | 1.06 | (0.34, 3.32) | 21 (35.0) | 12 (54.6) | 4.32 | (1.09, 17.19) | 27 (43.6) | 6 (30.0) | 0.49 | (0.13, 1.83) |
| High | 13 (23.6) | 8 (29.6) | 1.76 | (0.49, 6.36) | 14 (32.6) | 7 (18.0) | 0.36 | (0.10, 1.24) | 13 (24.1) | 8 (28.6) | 1.20 | (0.33, 4.41) | 15 (25.0) | 6 (27.3) | 2.82 | (0.59, 13.38) | 15 (24.2) | 6 (30.0) | 0.80 | (0.20, 3.28) |
| Total Duration/Week (mins) (n = 82) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Low | 19 (34.6) | 10 (37.0) | 1.00 | 13 (30.2) | 16 (41.0) | 1.00 | 21 (38.9) | 8 (28.6) | 1.00 | 24 (40.0) | 5 (22.7) | 1.00 | 21 (33.9) | 8 (45.0) | 1.00 | |||||
| Medium | 19 (34.6) | 8 (29.6) | 0.94 | (0.28, 3.14) | 16 (37.2) | 11 (28.2) | 0.48 | (0.15, 1.49) | 20 (37.0) | 7 (25.0) | 0.91 | (0.25, 3.37) | 19 (31.7) | 8 (36.4) | 1.06 | (0.27, 4.19) | 22 (35.5) | 5 (25.0) | 0.31 | (0.07, 1.32) |
| High | 17 (30.9) | 9 (33.3) | 0.92 | (0.29, 2.90) | 14 (32.6) | 12 (30.8) | 0.64 | (0.21, 1.90) | 13 (24.1) | 13 (46.4) | 2.36 | (0.73, 7.68) | 17 (28.3) | 9 (40.9) | 2.26 | (0.55, 9.20) | 19 (30.7) | 7 (35.0) | 0.68 | (0.17, 2.79) |
| Cumulative load (kg*mins/Week) (n = 80) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Low | 18 (32.7) | 9 (36.0) | 1.00 | 12 (28.6) | 15 (39.5) | 1.00 | 19 (35.9) | 9 (29.6) | 1.00 | 23 (39.0) | 4 (19.1) | 1.00 | 20 (32.8) | 7 (36.8) | 1.00 | |||||
| Medium | 20 (36.4) | 7 (28.0) | 0.81 | (0.24, 2.77) | 17 (40.5) | 10 (26.3) | 0.44 | (0.14, 1.35) | 21 (39.6) | 7 (22.2) | 0.74 | (0.20, 2.67) | 18 (30.5) | 9 (42.9) | 4.67 | (1.04, 20.97) | 21 (34.4) | 6 (31.6) | 0.95 | (0.24, 3.68) |
| High | 17 (30.9) | 9 (36.0) | 0.99 | (0.30, 3.26) | 13 (31.0) | 13 (34.2) | 0.75 | (0.25, 2.29) | 13 (24.5) | 13 (48.3) | 2.04 | (0.63, 6.64) | 18 (30.5) | 8 (38.1) | 2.52 | (0.59, 10.83) | 20 (32.8) | 6 (31.6) | 0.64 | (0.17, 2.49) |
1 Adjusted for age, BMI, and parity.