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. 2019 Jun 5;69(3):473–486. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318263

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The microbiomes of patients with CD and UC are dominated by different species at each time point. (A and B) β-diversity using principal coordinate analysis of unweighted (A) and weighted (B) UniFrac distances (p=0.041) of prepregnancy samples (CD n=16, UC n=11). (C–G) Cladogram of significant differentially abundant microbial taxa obtained using LEfSe of prepregnancy (C), first (CD n=19, UC n=8) (D), second (CD n=16, UC n=5) (E), third (CD n=25, UC n=11) (F) trimester and postpartum (CD n=13, UC n=6) (G) gut microbiomes. (H) Spectral clustering of bacteria based on the difference between the UC and CD and over all trimesters. CD, Crohn’s disease; LEfSe, linear discriminant analysis effect size.