(A to C) Pancreatic FGF21 mRNA (A) and protein (B), and plasma FGF21 (C) at 4, 8, 12, or 18 hours after the first cerulein injection in CIP. (D) Pancreatic Fgf21 mRNA after 24 hours of AIP and EIP. (E and F) Pancreatic FGF21 mRNA and protein and plasma FGF21 protein in CIP (E) or AIP (F) after a 24-hour treatment regimen of FGF21 (1 mg/kg) (four intraperitoneal injections). (G and H) Plasma amylase activity in CIP (G) and AIP (H). (I and J). Pancreatic MPO activity in CIP (I) and AIP (J). (K and L) Histological grading of mouse pancreata in CIP (K) and AIP (L). (M) FGF21 in plasma (at 6 and 24 hours), and pancreatic FGF21 mRNA and protein (at 24 hours) after inducing EIP with intraductal infusion of contrast agent in the absence or presence of FGF21 (100 μg/ml). (N) Serum amylase activity at 6 and 24 hours from mice in (M). (O and P) Pancreatic MPO activity (O) and histological grading of pancreata (P) of mice in (M). Results are expressed as means ± SEM. n = number of mice per group for all experiments. n = 3 to 4 in (A) to (C); n = 3 for AIP and n = 5 for EIP in (D); n = 6 in (E), (G), (I), and (K); n = 8 in (F), (H), (J), and (L); n = 5 in (M) to (P). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001. Asterisks indicate statistically different values relative to vehicle. Statistical differences (P > 0.05) are indicated between all values that have different letters.