Table 1:
Summary of demographic and clinical variables comparing those who were and were not on MOUD at admission (n=84) and out-of-treatment individuals who did and did not initiate MOUD during the hospitalization (n=50).
| Total (n=84) | On MOUD at admission (n=34) |
Not on MOUD at admission (n=50) |
p | Newly initiated MOUD (n=21) |
Did not initiate MOUD (n=29) |
p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean years (SD) | 36.2 (10.3) | 33.8 (8.1) | 37.9 (11.3) | 0.07 | 39 (10.5) | 37.1 (12.0) | 0.56 |
| Male Sex, n (%) | 45 (53.6%) | 19 (55.9%) | 26 (52.0%) | 0.73 | 10 (47.6%) | 16 (55.2%) | 0.60 |
| Marital status, n (%) | |||||||
| Single | 59 (70.2%) | 25 (73.5%) | 34 (68.0%) | 0.60 | 16 (76.2%) | 18 (62.1%) | 0.57 |
| Married | 14 (16.7%) | 4 (11.8%) | 10 (20.0%) | 3 (14.3%) | 7 (24.1%) | ||
| Divorced | 11 (13.1%) | 5 (14.7%) | 6 (12.0%) | 2 (9.5%) | 4 (13.8%) | ||
| Race, n (%) | |||||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 70 (83.3%) | 28 (82.4%) | 42 (84.0%) | 0.45 | 18 (85.7%) | 24 (82.8%) | 0.74 |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 5 (6.0%) | 1 (2.9%) | 4 (8.0%) | 1 (4.85%) | 3 (10.3%) | ||
| Hispanic | 8 (9.6%) | 4 (11.8%) | 4 (8.0%) | 2 (9.5%) | 2 (6.9%) | ||
| Native American | 1 (1.1%) | 1 (2.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Insurance, n (%) | |||||||
| Medicaid | 63 (75.0%) | 27 (79.4%) | 36 (72.0%) | 0.70 | 18 (85.7%) | 18 (62.1%) | 0.13 |
| Commercial | 16 (19.1%) | 5 (14.7%) | 11 (22.0%) | 3 (14.3%) | 8 (25.6%) | ||
| Uninsured | 5 (5.9%) | 2 (5.9%) | 3 (6.0%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (10.3%) | ||
| Substance history, n (%) | |||||||
| Opioid use d/o | 84 (100.0%) | 34 (100%) | 50 (100%) | 1 | 21 (100%) | 29 (100%) | 1 |
| Alcohol use d/o | 15 (17.9%) | 5 (14.7%) | 10 (20.0%) | 0.53 | 3 (14.3%) | 7 (24.1%) | 0.39 |
| Amphetamine use d/o | 8 (9.5%) | 2 (5.9%) | 6 (12.0%) | 0.35 | 2 (9.5%) | 4 (13.8%) | 0.65 |
| Sedative/hypnotic use d/o | 14 (16.7%) | 6 (17.6%) | 8 (16.0%) | 0.84 | 4 (19.0%) | 4 (13.8%) | 0.62 |
| Cannabis use d/o | 31 (36.9%) | 13 (38.2%) | 18 (36.0%) | 0.84 | 10 (47.6%) | 8 (27.6%) | 0.15 |
| Cocaine use d/o | 52 (61.9%) | 18 (52.9%) | 34 (68.0%) | 0.16 | 16 (76.2%) | 18 (62.1%) | 0.29 |
| Tobacco use d/o | 61 (72.6%) | 26 (76.5%) | 35 (70.0%) | 0.51 | 14 (66.7%) | 21 (72.4%) | 0.66 |
| Prior history of MOUD, n(%) | 67 (79.8%) | 34 (100.0%) | 33 (66.0%) | <0.0001 | 17 (81.0%) | 16 (55.2%) | 0.058 |
| Psychiatric history, n(%) | |||||||
| Any Psychiatric diagnosis | 63 (75.0%) | 28 (82.4%) | 35 (70.0%) | 0.20 | 16 (76.2%) | 19 (65.5%) | 0.42 |
| Any Mood d/o | 50 (59.5%) | 23 (67.6%) | 27 (54.0%) | 0.21 | 14 (66.7%) | 13 (44.8%) | 0.13 |
| Any Anxiety d/o | 34 (40.5%) | 14 (41.2%) | 20 (40.0%) | 0.91 | 11 (52.4%) | 9 (31.0%) | 0.13 |
| Post-traumatic stress d/o | 12 (14.3%) | 5 (14.71%) | 7 (14.0%) | 0.93 | 5 (23.8%) | 2 (6.9%) | 0.09 |
| Receipt of addiction consultation, n (%) | 82 (97.6%) | 34 (100.0%) | 48 (96%) | 0.24 | 21 (100.0%) | 27 (93.1%) | 0.22 |
| Length of stay, days (SD) | 22.2 (16.7) | 21.3 (16.2) | 22.7 (17.2) | 0.71 | 29.5 (21.9) | 17.8 (10.7) | 0.016 |
| Discharge AMA, n (%) | 14 (16.7%) | 2 (5.9%) | 12 (24.0%) | 0.029 | 5 (23.8%) | 7 (24.1%) | 0.98 |
| History of discharge AMA, n (%) | 43 (51.2%) | 11 (32.4%) | 32 (64.0%) | 0.004 | 14 (66.7%) | 18 (62.1%) | 0.74 |
| Accepted for OPAT (%) | 4 (4.76%) | 2 (5.9%) | 2 (4.0%) | 0.69 | 1 (4.8%) | 1 (3.4%) | 0.82 |
| 30-day readmission, n (%) | 25 (29.8%) | 12 (35.3%) | 13 (26.0%) | 0.36 | 5 (23.8%) | 8 (27.6%) | 0.76 |
| MOUD type, n (%) | |||||||
| Buprenorphine | 31 (36.9%) | 15 (44.1%) | - | - | 16 (76.2%) | - | - |
| Methadone | 22 (26.2%) | 17 (50.0%) | - | - | 5 (23.8%) | - | - |
| XR naltrexone | 2 (2.4%) | 2 (5.9%) | - | - | 0 (0%) | - | - |
MOUD=medications for opioid use disorder
AMA=against medical advice
XR=extended release
OPAT=outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy