. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Dec 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2019 Aug 22;159(6):2216–2226.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.06.103

TABLE 2.

Multilevel regression model, with random effects by institution, using imputed data

Variable	Odds ratio^*	P value	95% Confidence interval
Diameter (mm)	1.24	< .001	1.22–1.27
Age (y)	0.98	<.001	0.97–0.99
Male sex	1.03	.843	0.78–1.35
Aortic regurgitation	0.88	.391	0.65–1.19
Aortic stenosis	0.48	<.001	0.37–0.63
Hypertension	0.94	.662	0.72–1.23
Diabetes mellitus	0.78	.107	0.57–1.06
Smoking	0.56	.023	0.35–0.92

Odds ratio >1 indicates increased likelihood of aortic valve replacement plus ascending aortic intervention. Odds ratio <1 indicates increased likelihood of isolated aortic valve replacement.