TABLE 3.

Subgroup of patients with aortic diameter <45 mm who underwent no surgery versus those who underwent any ascending aortic intervention (isolated ascending aortic intervention or aortic valve replacement plus ascending aortic valve replacement) (n = 669)

Variable	<45 mm and no surgery (n = 153)	<45 and any ascending intervention (n = 516)	P value
Aortic diameter (mm)	38.6 ± 4.3	38.4 ± 5.2	.788
Age (y)	61.5 ± 15.0	54.2 ± 13.2	<.001
Male sex	95 (62.1)	379 (73.5)	.007
Height (cm)*	171.4 ± 10.9	173.8 ± 10.4	.055
Weight (kg)†	83.5 ± 21.2	84.1 ± 19.0	.810
Body surface area (m2)‡	1.95 ± 0.25	1.98 ± 0.25	.369
Aortic cross-sectional area to height ratio (cm2/m)*	6.8 [±1.4]	6.8 ± 1.7	.789
Aortic regurgitation§	25 (17.6)	221 (51.9)	<.001
Aortic stenosis∥	33 (28.0)	218 (52.7)	<.001
Mixed aortic regurgitation and stenosis¶	6 (5.3)	106 (26.4)	<.001
Hypertension#	94 (61.4)	296 (65.5)	.366
Smoking**	62 (43.1)	28 (7.7)	<.001
Hyperlipidemia††	73 (50.7)	189 (67.0)	.001
Diabetes mellitus‡‡	0 (0)	76 (17.6)	.596
Coronary artery disease§§	10 (11.5)	32 (15.0)	.470
Stroke or TIA∥∥	3 (4.6)	32 (10.4)	.101
Turner syndrome¶¶	-	2 (3.1)	N/A
Family history of aneurysm or dissection##	-	9 (6.1)	N/A
Marfan syndrome***	-	6 (2.1%)	N/A

Values for continuous variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation, whereas values for categorical variables are presented as n (%). P values calculated by Student t test for continuous variables and χ² test for categorical variables with n >5 or Fisher exact test for n ≤5. TIA, Transient ischemic attack. N/A, not available.

^*n = 476.

^†n = 470.

^‡n = 458.

^§n = 568.

^∥n = 532.

^¶n = 584.

^#n = 605.

^**n = 507.

^††n = 426.

^‡‡n = 439.

^§§n = 301.

^∥∥n = 374.

^¶¶n = 64.

^##n = 148.

^***n = 289.