Fig. 3.

An overview of the main anatomical connections—outputs and input pathways (shown as arrows) of the zona incerta. Brain structures: AN association nuclei of the thalamus, Ctx cerebral cortex, DCN deep cerebellar nuclei, GPi the internal segment of the globus pallidus, HTH hypothalamus, IN intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus, PPN pedunculopontine nucleus, SC superior colliculus, SI substantia innominata, SNc substantia nigra pars compacta, SNr substantia nigra pars reticulata, VA/VL ventroanterior/ventrolateral nuclei of the thalamus. Neuronal pathways: DA dopaminergic pathway; excitatory?—putative excitatory pathways, GABA GABAergic pathways, GLU glutamatergic pathways; undefined—pathways of undefined neurotransmitter. Four subdivisions (rostral, dorsal, ventral and caudal) of the zona incerta are shown. The medial region extends through all the zona incerta subdivisions