Table 1.

Summary of mathematical models to calculate BP from PAT.

Models	SBP	DBP	Category and mechanism (linear or nonlinear)
MK-EE [22, 23]	a 1 ∗ ln PAT+b1	a 1′∗ln PAT+b1′	Nonlinear	Vascular elasticity (VE) models
L-MK [21]	a 2+b2∗PAT	a 2′+b2′∗PAT	Linear
MK-BH [4]	SBP0 − (2/(γ∗PAT0))∗(PAT − PAT0)	SBP − PP0∗(PAT0/PAT)2	Nonlinear
dMK-BH [9]	DBP+PP0∗(PAT0/PAT)2	MBP0+(2/γ)ln(PAT0/PAT) − (PP0/3)∗(PAT0/PAT)2	Nonlinear
M-M [29]	$a_3+\sqrt{b_3+c_3\ast \left(1/{\text{PAT}}^2\right)}$	$a_3^{\prime }+\sqrt{b_3^{\prime }+c_3^{\prime }\ast \left(1/{\text{PAT}}^2\right)}$	Nonlinear	Elastic tube (ET) model

Note. γ  denoted a vascular information parameter which might be altered with age and the development of cardiovascular diseases. For the healthy subjects, it was set as 0.031 mm·Hg⁻¹ [9]. PP₀=SBP₀ − DBP₀, MBP₀=(1/3)SBP₀+(2/3)DBP₀. SBP₀,  DBP₀, PP₀  could be determined at the beginning of monitoring by calibration using an additional cuff-type BP monitor device (see Subsection 3.2). a_i,  b_i,  a_i′, b_i′(i=1,  2,  3);  c_i,  c_i′ were the corresponding function coefficients. i was the subscript, and for their calibration method, see Subsection 3.2.