Table 3.
Deaths, YLLs, YLDs, DALYs and PAFs from asthma due to occupational exposure to asthmagens, by region, 2016 (number, percent, rate, proportion)*
| Region | Deaths | Deaths | YLLs | YLDs | DALYs | DALYs | Deaths | YLLs | YLDs | DALYs | YLL | YLD | PAF | PAF |
| number | % | number | number | number | % | rate† | rate† | rate† | rate† | %‡ | %‡ | (deaths)§ | (DALYs)¶ | |
| High-income North America | 388 | 1.0 | 15 269 | 71 605 | 86 873 | 3.7 | 0.3 | 10.6 | 50.2 | 60.7 | 17.6 | 82.4 | 8.8 | 10.7 |
| Australasia | 23 | 0.1 | 857 | 11 291 | 12 148 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 7.4 | 100.1 | 107.5 | 7.1 | 92.9 | 4.3 | 9.0 |
| High-income Asia Pacific | 135 | 0.4 | 3493 | 34 431 | 37 923 | 1.6 | 0.2 | 4.2 | 46.3 | 50.5 | 9.2 | 90.8 | 2.6 | 8.0 |
| Western Europe | 182 | 0.5 | 6525 | 94 309 | 100 834 | 4.3 | 0.1 | 3.6 | 55.8 | 59.4 | 6.5 | 93.5 | 2.8 | 8.4 |
| Southern Latin America | 46 | 0.1 | 1558 | 12 849 | 14 407 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 6.2 | 51.6 | 57.8 | 10.8 | 89.2 | 4.9 | 7.5 |
| Eastern Europe | 204 | 0.5 | 6750 | 34 060 | 40 810 | 1.7 | 0.2 | 7.2 | 38.1 | 45.2 | 16.5 | 83.5 | 5.2 | 8.2 |
| Central Europe | 59 | 0.2 | 1877 | 16 773 | 18 650 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 3.6 | 34.7 | 38.3 | 10.1 | 89.9 | 3.4 | 8.2 |
| Central Asia | 166 | 0.4 | 5423 | 13 953 | 19 376 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 17.5 | 42.9 | 60.4 | 28.0 | 72.0 | 8.0 | 9.4 |
| Central Latin America | 185 | 0.5 | 6315 | 32 529 | 38 844 | 1.7 | 0.2 | 7.0 | 34.3 | 41.4 | 16.3 | 83.7 | 5.7 | 6.8 |
| Andean Latin America | 31 | 0.1 | 952 | 8977 | 9929 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 4.8 | 42.0 | 46.7 | 9.6 | 90.4 | 7.4 | 6.8 |
| Caribbean | 140 | 0.4 | 5049 | 8442 | 13 491 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 29.6 | 49.3 | 78.9 | 37.4 | 62.6 | 7.5 | 6.5 |
| Tropical Latin America | 176 | 0.5 | 6291 | 22 647 | 28 937 | 1.2 | 0.2 | 7.5 | 26.7 | 34.2 | 21.7 | 78.3 | 6.3 | 7.2 |
| East Asia | 1164 | 3.1 | 35 597 | 162 558 | 198 156 | 8.5 | 0.2 | 5.7 | 26.6 | 32.3 | 18.0 | 82.0 | 5.1 | 9.3 |
| Southeast Asia | 7315 | 19.5 | 224 974 | 142 208 | 367 182 | 15.7 | 3.3 | 96.0 | 57.8 | 153.8 | 61.3 | 38.7 | 9.5 | 11.0 |
| Oceania | 292 | 0.8 | 9862 | 2619 | 12 481 | 0.5 | 9.3 | 297.6 | 71.8 | 369.5 | 79.0 | 21.0 | 7.6 | 8.5 |
| North Africa and Middle East | 1344 | 3.6 | 47 971 | 84 044 | 132 015 | 5.6 | 0.7 | 25.3 | 41.3 | 66.6 | 36.3 | 63.7 | 6.0 | 6.7 |
| South Asia | 21 085 | 56.1 | 669 102 | 223 370 | 892 472 | 38.1 | 3.9 | 117.5 | 37.9 | 155.4 | 75.0 | 25.0 | 9.7 | 12.0 |
| Southern sub-Saharan Africa | 474 | 1.3 | 17 146 | 13 274 | 30 420 | 1.3 | 2.0 | 69.4 | 49.5 | 118.9 | 56.4 | 43.6 | 7.7 | 8.0 |
| Western sub-Saharan Africa | 1395 | 3.7 | 50 249 | 51 856 | 102 105 | 4.4 | 1.5 | 50.7 | 45.3 | 96.1 | 49.2 | 50.8 | 10.7 | 8.5 |
| Eastern sub-Saharan Africa | 2452 | 6.5 | 85 585 | 75 354 | 160 939 | 6.9 | 2.9 | 91.8 | 68.2 | 160.0 | 53.2 | 46.8 | 13.2 | 10.7 |
| Central sub-Saharan Africa | 316 | 0.8 | 11 315 | 10 173 | 21 487 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 41.1 | 33.1 | 74.1 | 52.7 | 47.3 | 5.1 | 4.1 |
| High SDI | 776 | 2.1 | 27 685 | 213 996 | 241 681 | 10.3 | 0.2 | 6.5 | 52.1 | 58.6 | 11.5 | 88.5 | 4.6 | 9.2 |
| High-middle SDI | 1320 | 3.5 | 44 449 | 185 336 | 229 785 | 9.8 | 0.3 | 9.1 | 38.1 | 47.2 | 19.3 | 80.7 | 6.2 | 9.1 |
| Middle SDI | 8807 | 23.4 | 277 589 | 316 569 | 594 158 | 25.4 | 1.0 | 30.5 | 34.5 | 65.0 | 46.7 | 53.3 | 8.1 | 9.3 |
| Low-middle SDI | 21 524 | 57.3 | 683 953 | 297 559 | 981 512 | 42.0 | 3.3 | 101.3 | 41.4 | 142.7 | 69.7 | 30.3 | 9.7 | 11.1 |
| Low SDI | 5147 | 13.7 | 178 483 | 113 860 | 292 343 | 12.5 | 2.9 | 94.3 | 52.3 | 146.5 | 61.1 | 38.9 | 9.9 | 8.9 |
| Global | 37 574 | 100.0 | 1 212 160 | 1 127 320 | 2 339 480 | 100.0 | 1.4 | 44.0 | 40.5 | 84.5 | 51.8 | 48.2 | 8.9 | 9.9 |
*YLL=years of life lost; YLD=years of life lived with disability; DALYs=disability-adjusted life years; PAF=population attributable fraction.
†Per 100 000 persons.
‡Percentage of DALYs.
§Percentage of all asthma deaths due to occupational exposures.
¶Percentage of all asthma DALYs due to occupational exposures.
SDI, socio-demographic index.