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. 2020 Feb 18;15:379–388. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S234241

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© 2020 Chen et al.

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A nomogram to predict the risk of severe exacerbations in stable COPD patients. To use the nomogram, draw a vertical line to identify corresponding points of each variable according to their actual status. Then sum up the points of all variables and find the position on the total points axis. With the same line mentioned above, you can determine the risk of severe exacerbations of 3- and 5-year at the lower line of the nomogram. Comorbidity index is identified through counting the number of comorbid diseases one had among congestive heart failure, GERD, diabetes, and asthma.