Table 1.
Characteristics and outcomes of patients listed for liver transplantation in the United States 2003–2017 by HCC status and age1
| Hepatocellular Carcinoma | No Hepatocellular Carcinoma | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age ≥65 years (n = 8 300) |
Age <65 years (n = 31 993) |
P value | Age ≥65 years (n = 13 792) |
Age <65 years (n = 107 639) |
P value | |
| Female gender | 2 335 (28) | 6 840 (21) | <0.001 | 6 318 (46) | 41 959 (39) | <0.001 |
| Ethnicity | ||||||
| White | 5 388 (65) | 20 621 (65) | 10 741 (78) | 77 797 (72) | ||
| Black | 660 (8) | 3 203 (10) | 733 (5) | 9 724 (9) | ||
| Hispanic | 1 287 (16) | 5 199 (16) | <0.001 | 1 744 (13) | 15 382 (14) | <0.001 |
| Asian | 878 (11) | 2 505 (8) | 1 744 (13) | 15 382 (14) | ||
| Other | 87 (1) | 465 (2) | 110 (1) | 1 438 (1) | ||
| Liver diagnosis | ||||||
| Alcohol | 1 043 (13) | 2 826 (9) | 2 403 (17) | 21 059 (20) | ||
| Hepatitis C | 3 444 (42) | 19 627 (61) | 2 272 (17) | 35 040 (33) | ||
| NASH/Cryptogenic | 1 758 (21) | 2 635 (8) | <0.001 | 5 193 (38) | 17 597 (16) | <0.001 |
| Autoimmune | 326 (4) | 758 (2) | 2 079 (15) | 14 149 (13) | ||
| Other | 1 729 (21) | 6 147 (19) | 1 845 (13) | 19 794 (18) | ||
| Days on waitlist | 188 (71 – 349) | 184 (64 −392) | 0.03 | 132 (26 – 447) | 148 (22 – 588) | <0.001 |
| MELD at listing | 11 (8 – 14) | 11 (8 – 15) | <0.001 | 17 (13 – 24) | 17 (13 – 25) | <0.001 |
| MELD at transplant | 12 (8 – 18) | 13 (9 – 19) | <0.001 | 21 (15 – 30) | 21 (14 – 41) | 0.16 |
| Hepatic encephalopathy | 591 (7) | 2 732 (9) | <0.001 | 2 956 (21) | 24 527 (23) | <0.001 |
| Ascites | 1 427 (17) | 6 412 (20) | <0.001 | 5 920 (43) | 44 386 (41) | <0.001 |
| Karnofsky Performance Status | 70 (60 – 80) | 70 (60 – 80) | 0.60 | 60 (50 – 80) | 70 (40 – 80) | 0.12 |
| Donor risk index | 1.5 (1.2 – 1.8) | 1.5 (1.2 – 1.8) | <0.001 | 1.5 (1.2 – 1.9) | 1.4 (1.2 – 1.7) | <0.001 |
| Private Insurance | 2 369 (29) | 20038 (63) | <0.001 | 3672 (27) | 66970 (62) | <0.001 |
|
Age ≥65 years (n = 8 300) |
Age <65 years (n = 31 993) |
P value |
Age ≥65 years (n = 13 792) |
Age <65 years (n = 107 639) |
P value | |
| Waitlist Outcomes | ||||||
| Still Waiting | 1 460 (18) | 4 359 (14) | <0.001 | 2 976 (22) | 25 292 (24) | <0.001 |
| Death/Sickness | 1 565 (19) | 5 027 (16) | 4 316 (31) | 24 591 (23) | ||
| Live donor liver transplant | 99 (1) | 433 (1) | 301 (2) | 2 404 (2) | ||
| Deceased donor liver transplant | 5 176 (62) | 22 174 (69) | 6 199 (45) | 55 352 (51) | ||
| 1-year post-transplant mortality | 536 (10) | 1 801 (8) | <0.001 | 846 (14) | 5 522 (10) | <0.001 |
| 5-year post-transplant mortality | 1 108 (21) | 4 433 (20) | 0.02 | 1 396 (23) | 9 989 (18) | <0.001 |
NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; MELD, model for end stage liver disease
1
Data presented as number (percent) or median (IQR)