Schematic of in vivo macaque experiments. Six total pigtail macaques were used for each of the two rounds of studies. During each round, two macaques received a full, half, or quarter ring. There was a two week crossover between studies. The ring was inserted at day 0 and removed at day 28. Vaginal fluid sampling occurred at days 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 30. Vaginal biopsies occurred at days 14 and 28.