Table 1.

Information of 13 Forsythia species and cultivars used in our research

Species	Cultivar	Style type	Code
Cultivars of F. intermedia	F. intermedia ‘Spectabilis’	Sz	F1
	F. intermedia ‘Goldrausch’	S	F2
	F. intermedia ‘Lynwood’	S	F3
	F. intermedia ‘Courtalyn’	S	F4
	F. intermedia ‘Courtasol’	S	F6
	F. intermedia ‘Courtaneur’	Ly	F7
Cultivars of F. koreana	F. koreana	S	Fk
	F. koreana ‘Sawon Gold’	S	FG
	F. viridissima var. koreana ‘Kumson’	S	F8
Species	F. mandshurica	S	Fm
	F. suspensa	L	Fp
	F. suspensa	S	Ft
	F.ovata	–	Fo

^zS means stigma shorter than anther

^yL means stigma longer than anther