Table 4. Synopsis of published epidemiological data for acute liver failure (ALF) in the past decade.

Author	Country or region	Cohort or population	Study design	Number of people	Incidence (in 100.000 person-years)
All causes of ALF
Bretherick et al. 2011 (21)	Scotland	Residents of a geographically defined area including Edinburgh	Retrospective cohort study, data from the Scottish Liver Transplant Unit at the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh	˜5 064 200	0.62
Ho et al. 2014 (5)	Taiwan	Taiwanese population	Population-based study, data randomly selected from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database	1 000 000	8.02
Thanapirom et al. 2019 (22)	Thailand	Thai population	Population-based study, data from the statutory Universal Coverage Scheme (76% of all admissions to primary, secondary, and tertiary hospitals across 77 provinces)	˜65 400 000	6.29
Drug-induced liver injury
Goldberg et al. 2015 (26)	California, USA	Northern California residents	Retrospective cohort study, data from the Kaiser Permanente Northern California Health Care health insurance service	˜2 400 000	0.19
Shen et al. 2019 (29)	China	Patients of 66 centers in mainland China	Retrospective cohort study with extrapolation to the population of mainland China	˜1 361 000 000*	23.8

* Extrapolation to this number of people