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. 2020 Jan 6;99(3):264–270. doi: 10.1177/0022034519897910

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© International & American Associations for Dental Research 2020

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Figure 3. — Surface-adjusted DMFS for caries clusters. (A) Mean per-surface DMFS in the 7 clusters identified via hierarchical clustering. (B) The 7 clusters (indicated in different colors) identified via hierarchical clustering. (C) Mean (95% CI) per-surface DMFS for each twin in the pair, where twin 1 was randomly selected for the cluster derivation data set and twin 2 was used for validation. The teeth are numbered by the ISO system per the World Health Organization notation system, adopted from the notation of the FDI, also called ISO 3950. It is a 2-digit numbering system in which the first digit represents a quadrant and the second digit represents the number of the tooth from the midline of the face. For permanent teeth, the upper right teeth begin with the number 1; the upper left teeth, the number 2; the lower left teeth, the number 3; and the lower right teeth, the number 4. DMFS, decayed, missing, and filled surfaces.