Table 1.

Measurement domains, tools, and data collection for the South African Diabetes Prevention Programme’s pilot phase.

Variable	Component	Measurements Tools/Questions
Socio-demographic measures		Age, gender, area, community, current marital status, education level, occupation, income
Behavioural measures	Tobacco use	WHO STEPS questionnaire [14]
	Alcohol use	WHO STEPS questionnaire [14]
	Sedentary behaviour	Time spent in front of a screen
	Sleep	Time, quality
Psychological measures	Chronic stress	Chronic stress scale [13]
Physical activity measures	Physical activity pattern	WHO STEPS questionnaire: global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ) [14]
	Barriers to physical activity	Scale adapted from the one designed by Booth et al. [15]
	Self-efficacy	Scale adapted from the exercise self-efficacy scale (ESES) designed by Schwarzer and Jerusalem [16]
Medical history		Family history of diabetes
Clinical measures	Waist circumference	Measured between the lower border of the lowest rib and upper border of the iliac crest/pelvic bone to the nearest 0.1 cm.
	Weight	Weight measurement with minimal clothing on a digital (SECA) scale, recorded to the nearest 0.1 kg
	Height	Standing height, minimal clothing, aligning head in a standard anatomical position using a SECA stadiometer
	SBP	Electronic M6 COMFORT OMRON device with an integrated cuff
	DBP HbA1c	Electronic M6 COMFORT OMRON device with an integrated cuff HbA1c measured using fasting blood and HPLC
Neighbourhood indicators	Stores and facilities, Access to services and places, Roads and walking paths, places for walking/cycling/playing, Surroundings, Safety from crime and traffic, Personal safety, Stranger danger	Neighbourhood Environment Walkability Scale (NEWS) Africa Questionnaire [17]

SBP = systolic blood pressure; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; HbA1c = glycosylated haemoglobin; HPLC = High-performance liquid chromatography; WHO = World Health Organisation.