Table 4.
Associations between screen exposure during the early stage of life (postnatal three years) and preschool myopia e.
| Age-Specific Exposure (Years) | Total (N = 26,433) | Presence of Parental Myopia (N = 25,550) f | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No (N = 15,231) | Yes (N = 10,319) | ||||||||||
| 0–1 | 1–2 | 2–3 | No. of Children | Cases (n %) | PR (95% CI) | No. of Children | Cases (n %) | PR (95% CI) | No. of Children | Cases (n %) | PR (95% CI) |
| No | No | No | 6684 | 76 (1.1) | 1.00 | 4353 | 31 (0.7) | 1.00 g | 2141 | 41 (1.9) | 3.06 (1.90, 4.91) b |
| Yes | No | No | 726 | 29 (4.0) | 3.67 (2.39, 5.63) b | 453 | 11 (2.4) | 3.52 (1.76, 7.01) b | 244 | 17 (7.0) | 11.35 (6.26, 20.60) b |
| No | Yes | No | 454 | 5 (1.1) | 1.04 (0.42, 2.58) | 288 | 3 (1.0) | 1.62 (0.49, 5.29) | 149 | 2 (1.3) | 2.08 (0.50, 8.71) |
| No | No | Yes | 4318 | 64 (1.5) | 1.44 (1.03, 2.01) a | 2429 | 14 (0.6) | 0.94 (0.50, 1.78) | 1782 | 47 (2.6) | 4.46 (2.80, 7.08) b |
| Yes | Yes | No | 512 | 23 (4.5) | 4.33 (2.71, 6.91) b | 313 | 14 (4.5) | 7.03 (3.73, 13.26) b | 179 | 9 (5.0) | 7.99 (3.79, 16.82) b |
| No | Yes | Yes | 5523 | 97 (1.8) | 1.86 (1.37, 2.51) b | 2920 | 22 (0.8) | 1.33 (0.77, 2.30) | 2413 | 68 (2.8) | 5.22 (3.38, 8.06) b |
| Yes | No | Yes | 619 | 19 (3.1) | 2.91 (1.76, 4.82) b | 382 | 10 (2.6) | 3.98 (1.95, 8.14) b | 210 | 6 (2.9) | 4.64 (1.93, 11.16) c |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | 7597 | 294 (3.9) | 4.04 (3.13, 5.21) b | 4093 | 95 (2.3) | 3.91 (2.60, 5.90) b | 3201 | 177 (5.5) | 9.92 (6.74, 14.62) b |
e: adjusted for children’s age, gender, feeding patterns, and premature birth; parental age at childbirth, education level, and monthly household income. f: children with parents having other eyesight disorders were not included in the analysis. g: This subgroup was the reference group for both children without/with parental myopia in the stratified analysis. a: p < 0.05; b: p < 0.001; c: p < 0.01.