Table 5.
Concentrations of cortisol, insulin, leptin, and vitamin-D in the saliva and plasma of the alcohol and control groups.
| Saliva |
Alcohol
Median (IQR) |
Control 1
Median (IQR) |
| Insulin (pg/mL) | 246.5 (124.3–643.5) | 143.0 (60.9–371.0) |
| Leptin (pg/mL) | 28.7 (15.0–43.1) | 25.2 (18.2–44.3) |
| Cortisol (ng/mL) | 15.9 (9.7–42.8) | 22.8 (13.8–37.8) |
| Vitamin D (ng/mL) | 11.9 (6.9–23.8) | 60.0 (43.2–78.9) ** |
| Plasma |
Alcohol 2
Median (IQR) |
Control 3
Median (IQR) |
| Insulin (pg/mL) | 265.0 (105.7–487.0) | 213.5 (95.9–431.0) |
| Leptin (pg/mL) | 9237.0 (3901.0–15601.5) | 3807.5 (1681.3–17824.0) |
| Cortisol (ng/mL) | 1.64 (0.44–15.9) | 3.5 (0.62–10.4) |
| Vitamin D (ng/mL) | 45.78 (30.2–81.4) | 18.4 (11.9–63.4) * |
1 The analysis of saliva concentrations for insulin and leptin in CG were performed with 19 samples. 2 The analysis of plasma concentrations for insulin and leptin in the AG were performed with 29 samples. 3 The analysis of plasma concentrations for cortisol in the CG was performed with 18 samples. Differences between groups were determined using a Mann–Whitney U test, * p ≤ 0.01, ** p ≤ 0.001.