Table 1.
Human bromodomain family and its features.
| Groups | Proteins | Name | BRDs | Alias | Functions and Recognize Histones |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BRD I | BAZ1A | Bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain, 1A | 1 | ACF1, WALp1, WCRF180 | Chromatin remodeling factor [26] |
| BPTF | Fetal Alzheimer antigen | 1 | FALZ, FAC1 | Recognizes H4K16ac and H3K4me3 [27] | |
| CECR2 | Cat eye syndrome chromosome region, candidate 2 | 1 | KIAA1740 | Recognizes/binds to acetylated histones [18] | |
| GCN5L2 | General control of amino acid synthesis 5-like 2 | 1 | GCN5, KAT2A, STAF97, PCAF-B | HAT, interact with EP300/CREBBP and ADA2; Binds to H4K16ac [20,22] | |
| PCAF | P300/CBP-associated factor | 1 | CREBBP-associated factor, KAT2B | HAT, promotes transcriptional activation; Targets to H4K8ac, H3K14ac and H3K36ac [21,22] | |
| BRD II (BET) | BRD2 | Bromodomain-containing protein 2 | 2 | FSH, RING3 | Associated with acetylated chromatin during mitosis; Binds to the H4K5ac/K12ac and H3K14ac [28] |
| BRD3 | Bromodomain-containing protein 3 | 2 | ORFX, RING3L | Transcriptional regulator; Binds to the H4K5ac/K12ac and H3K14ac [28] | |
| BRD4 | Bromodomain-containing protein 4 | 2 | CAP, MCAP, HUNK1 | Interacts with acetylated H3K14 and H4K5/K8/K12/K16; Rerulates H3K27ac and H3K56ac [18,29] | |
| BRDT | Bromodomain-containing protein, testis specific | 2 | BRD6 | Chromatin remodeling factor; Recognizes H4K5ac/K8ac [30] | |
| BRD III | BAZ1B | Bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain, 1B | 1 | WSTF, WBSCR9 | Chromatin remodeling factor, transcriptional regulator; Recognizes H2BK12ac, H3K14ac and H4K16ac [31] |
| BRD8B | Bromodomain-containing protein 8 B | 2 | SMAP, SMAP2 | Transcriptional regulator [32] | |
| BRWD3 | Bromodomain-containing protein disrupted in leukemia | 2 | BRODL | Associated with translocations in patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia [33] | |
| CREBBP | CREB Binding Protein | 1 | CBP, KAT3A | HAT; Binds to H4K20ac [22] | |
| EP300 | E1A-binding protein p300 | 1 | p300, KAT3B | HAT, acetylate H3K122/K27 and non-histone proteins [34,35] | |
| PHIP | Pleckstrin homology domain-interacting protein | 2 | DR11, WDR11, SRT1, HH14, BRWD2 | Binds to the insulin receptor substrate 1; Regulates growth and survival of pancreatic beta cells [36] | |
| WDR9 | WD repeat domain 9 | 2 | BRWD1 | Chromatin remodeling factor [37] | |
| BRD IV | ATAD2 | Two AAA domain containing protein | 1 | ANCCA | Transcriptional regulator; Binds to H3K14ac, H4K5ac/K12ac [38,39] |
| ATAD2B | KIAA1240 protein | 1 | KIAA1240 | Binds to acetylated chromatin [gene card] | |
| BRD1 | Bromodomain-containing protein 1 | 1 | BRPF2 | A subunit of the MOZ/MORF HAT complex, regulates H3K14ac [40] | |
| BRD7 | Bromodomain-containing protein 7 | 1 | BP75, NAG4, CELTIX1 | Transcriptional regulator; Binds to acetylated H3K9/K14, H4K8/K12/K16 [41] | |
| BRD9 | Bromodomain-containing protein 9 | 1 | LAVS3040, PRO9856 | Chromatin remodeling; Recognizes H4K5ac/K8ac [42] | |
| BRPF1 | Bromodomain- and PHD finger-containing protein 1A | 1 | BR140, Peregrin | Transcriptional activator; Recognizes acetylated H2AK5 and H3K14, H4K5/K8/K12 [43] | |
| BRPF3 | Bromodomain- and PHD finger-containing protein, 3 | 1 | KIAA1286 | Regulats replication origin activation and histone H3K14 acetylation [44] | |
| BRD V | BAZ2A | Bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain, 2A | 1 | TIP5, WALp3 | Transcriptional repressor; Interacts with H4K16ac [45] |
| BAZ2B | Bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain, 2B | 1 | WALp4 | Transcriptional regulator; Binds to H3K14ac [46] | |
| SP100 | Nuclear antigen Sp100 | 1 | Lysp100b | Binds heterochromatin and functions in immunity, and gene regulation [47] | |
| SP110 | Nuclear antigen Sp110 A, | 1 | IPR1, VODI, IFI41, IFI75 | Transcriptional activator [48] | |
| SP140 | SP140 nuclear body protein | 1 | LYSP100 | Associated with multiple sclerosis, Crohn’s disease, chronic lymphocytic [49,50] | |
| SP140L | SP140 nuclear body protein like | 1 | SP140L-1 protein | Chromatin binding [gene card] | |
| TRIM24 | Tripartite motif-containing 24 | 1 | TIF1a, PTC6, RNF82 | Transcriptional regulator; Recognizes H3K23ac [51] | |
| TRIM33 | Tripartite motif-containing 33 A | 1 | PTC7, RFG7, TIF1g | Control transcriptional elongation; Recognizes H3K18ac/K23ac [52] | |
| TRIM66 | Tripartite motif-containing 66 | 1 | TIF1d | Transcriptional repressor [53] | |
| BRD VI | MLL | Myeloid/lymphoid or mixed lineage leukemia | 1 | HRX, TRX1, CXXC7, ALL-1 | HMT, mediats H3K4me [23,25] |
| TRIM28 | Tripartite motif-containing 28 | 1 | KAP1, RNF96, TIF1b | Transcriptional regulator; Regulates H3K9ac and H3K14ac [gene card] | |
| BRD VII | BRWD3 | ||||
| PHIP | |||||
| TAF1 | TAF1 RNA polymerase II, TATA box-binding protein (TBP)-associated factor | 2 | TAFII250, P250, CCG1, TAF2A | Transcription inhibition; Binds to H4K5/K8/K12/K16ac [54] | |
| TAF1L | TAF1-like RNA polymerase II, TATA box-binding protein (TBP)-associated factor | 2 | TAF(II)210 | Functions as a TBP-associated factor [55] | |
| WDR9 | |||||
| ZMYND8 | Zinc Finger MYND-Type Containing 8 | 1 | PRKCBP1, RACK7 | Transcriptional regulator; Recognizes H4K5/K8/K12/K16/K20ac H3K9ac, and H3K14ac [56] | |
| ZMYND11 | remodeling factor containing 11 | 1 | BS69, BRAM1, MRD30 | Transcriptional repressor [57] | |
| BRD VIII | ASH1L | ash1 (absent, small, or homeotic)-like | 1 | ASH1, KMT2H | HMT, methylates H3K36me2 [24] |
| PBRM1 | Polybromo 1 | 6 | PB1, BAF180 | Chromatin remodeling factor; High-affinity with acetylated histone H3 at lysine 4, 9, 14 and 23 [58] | |
| SMARCA2 | SWI/SNF-related matrix associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin a 2 | 1 | BRM, SNF2L2 | Chromatin remodeling factor, Splicing regulator; Interact with and moderate specificity for H3K14ac [59] | |
| SMARCA4 | SWI/SNF-related matrix associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin a 4 | 1 | BRG1, SNF2L4, SNF2LB | Chromatin remodeling factor; Interact with and moderate specificity for H3K14ac [59] |