| BCPB | 1-benzyl-2-chloropyridinium bromide |
| Cys | cysteine |
| Cys–Gly | cysteinylglycine |
| DHLA | dihydrolipoic acid |
| GSH | glutathione |
| LDL-C | low-density lipoprotein cholesterol |
| Hcy | homocysteine |
| HSA | human serum albumin |
| LA | α-lipoic acid |
| MeCN | acetonitrile |
| TCA | trichloroacetic acid |
| TCEP | tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine |