Table 2.
Teratogenic effects of essential oil from Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. on early development of zebrafish. The zebrafish embryos were treated to 0.1% DMSO (control), and 1, 10 and 100 µg/mL of the cassumunar ginger oils at different times of exposure (24, 48, 72 and 96 h). Descriptive data represent the mean ± SD of teratogenic embryo percentage of four independent experiments (n = 40 per group). NE = no surviving embryo.
| Concentrations (µg/mL) | Times of Exposure (h) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24 | 48 | 72 | 96 | |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 10 | 1.0 ± 0.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 100 | 24.5 ± 6.6 | 0 | 10.5 ± 1.9 | NE |