Table 1.
Anammox or its combinations compared to traditional nitrification-denitrification.
| Processes | Microorganisms | NLR kg-N/m3/d |
Biomass Production Rate kg/kg-N |
DO Kg-O2/kg-N |
Organic Carbon Use kg-COD/kg-N |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional nitrification-denitrification | Autotrophic + heterotrophic | 2–8 | 3.2 | 4.6 | 7.6 |
| Shortened nitrification-denitrification | Autotrophic + heterotrophic | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 4.6 |
| SHARON | Autotrophic + heterotrophic | 1.5 | 1.0 | 2.3 | 2.4 |
| OLAND | Autotrophic | 0.1 | 0.16 | 1.7 | 0 |
| ANAMMOX | Autotrophic | 5.1 | 0.12 | 0 | 0 |
| SHARON/ANAMMOX | Autotrophic | 0.75 | 0.3 | 1.9 | 0 |
| CANON | Autotrophic | 1.2–8.9 | 0.3 | 2.1 | 0 |
NLR, nitrogen loading rate; DO, dissolved oxygen; COD, chemical oxygen demand; SHARON, stable high rate ammonium removal over nitrite; OLAND, oxygen limited autotrophic nitrification denitrification; CANON, completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite.