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. 2020 Feb 5;17(3):1005. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17031005

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining. CuONP induced cell apoptosis in three cell lines: SH-SY5Y (A), H4 (B), and PC12 (C). Panel left: TUNEL staining, middle: Hoechst staining, and right: combination of TUNEL and Hoechst staining. Cells were plated in 8-chamber slides. The medium and fresh compound solutions were added after 24 h plating. After treatment with CuONP for 24 h, cells were fixed, permeabilized, and then incubated with terminal deoxynuceotydyl transferase. For total cell counting, cells were stained by Hoechst. Pictures were taken with a fluorescent microscope and numbers of TUNEL-positive cells were counted; (D) percentage of TUNEL positive cells in total cells in the three cell lines. ** p < 0.01.

TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining. CuONP induced cell apoptosis in three cell lines: SH-SY5Y (A), H4 (B), and PC12 (C). Panel left: TUNEL staining, middle: Hoechst staining, and right: combination of TUNEL and Hoechst staining. Cells were plated in 8-chamber slides. The medium and fresh compound solutions were added after 24 h plating. After treatment with CuONP for 24 h, cells were fixed, permeabilized, and then incubated with terminal deoxynuceotydyl transferase. For total cell counting, cells were stained by Hoechst. Pictures were taken with a fluorescent microscope and numbers of TUNEL-positive cells were counted; (D) percentage of TUNEL positive cells in total cells in the three cell lines. ** p < 0.01.