Table I.
Sociodemographic, health status and cognitive evaluation, at baseline characteristics by motoric cognitive risk, memory complaint and slow gait group, MHAS-2012
| All n=735 | Healthy (No MCR*) n=141 | Memory complaint n=418 | Slow Gait n=69 | MCR* n=107 | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years mean (SD) | 69.8 (7.6) | 67.6 (5.8) A** | 68 (6.9) | 74 (8.8) | 74 (8.3) | <.001 |
| Female (%) | 462 (54) | 77 (54) | 214 (51) | 41 (59.4) | 60 (56) | .503 |
| Education, years Mean (SD) | 5.35 (3.8) | 7.5 (5.5) A** | 5.1 (3.4) | 4.5 (3.1) | 5.5 (4) | <.001 |
| Diabetes n (%) | 209 (24) | 24 (17)A** | 98 (23) | 19 (28) | 35 (33) | <.003 |
| Hypertension n (%) | 442 (51) | 63 (45) | 210 (50) | 33 (48) | 61 (57) | .008 |
| Falls n (%) | 358 (42) | 47 (33)A** | 172 (41) | 33 (48) | 52 (49) | .010 |
| Stroke n (%) | 17 (2) | 2 (1.4%) | 9 (2.2%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (2.8%) | .336 |
| Coronary artery disease, (%) | 23 (3) | 3 (2.1%) | 8 (1.9%) | 2 (2.9%) | 5 (4.7%) | .148 |
| Chronic disease n (%) (range >2) | 177 (19) | 68 (52%) A** | 247 (59%) | 38 (55%) | 75 (70%) | .002 |
| Depression (%) | 350 (40) | 20 (21) A** | 177 (43) B** | 32 (46) C** | 52 (48) | <.001 |
| CCCE* | ||||||
| Orientation Mean (SD) | 2.5(0.5) | 2.6(0.7) A** | 2.3(0.4) | 2.2(0.3) | 1.9(0.3) | .005 |
| Verbal learning memory Mean (SD) | 4.84 (1.7) | 4.89 (1.8) A** | 4.81 (1.6) | 4.79 (1.8) C** | 4.78(1.6) | .007 |
| Verbal recall memory Mean (SD) | 4.33 (2) | 4.43(2) A** | 4.23 (1.9) | 4.18 (2) | 4.12(1.9) | .013 |
| Visual scanning | 27.8 (17.4) | 28.7 (18.8) | 27.3 (17.8) | 26.9 (17.5) | 26.8 (15.7) | .460 |
| Visuospatial abilities Mean (SD) | 5.52 (1.1) | 5.53 (1.2) | 5.51 (1.1) D** | 5.48 (1.2) C** | 5.32 (1.5) | .037 |
| Visual memory Mean (SD) | 4.84 (1.7) | 4.89 (1.8) | 4.81 (1.6) | 4.79 (1.8) | 4.78(1.6) | .077 |
| Verbal Fluency Mean (SD) | 15.4 (9.2) | 15.7 (10.1) | 15.3 (9.3) | 15.04 (9) | 15 (8) | .333 |
| Numeracy (SD) | 10.2(2.1) | 10.4(5.6) A** | 9.7(3.2.) | 9.8(3.1) C** | 9.4(3.1) | .007 |
*
MRC: Motoric cognitive risk. CCCE: Cross Cultural Cognitive Examination, Chronic disease: hypertension, diabetes, falls, coronary artery disease.
**
Post-hoc Bonferroni analysis A: MCR versus Healthy, p<.05, B: MCR versus self-reported cognitive complaint p <.05, C: MCR versus slow gait, p<.05, and D: Self-reported cognitive complaint versus slow gait, p <.05. ***p<.005.