. 2019 Oct 30;16(1):e12898. doi: 10.1111/mcn.12898

Table A1.

FULL SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW RESULTS

Author, year, study design	Setting and sample size	Admission criteria	Intervention treatment	Control treatment	Length of int	Outcomes reported	Food better than control?	Validity score^α
Nikièma et al., 2014 Cluster RCT	Burkina Faso N = 1,974	Aged 6–24 months WHO, 2006 (WHZ > −2 and ≥−3)	Locally produced RUSF 2. Supercereal Plus (SC+)	Child‐centred counselling (CCC)	3 m	Recovery: RUSF 74%, SC+ 75%, CCC 58% p < .0001 Default: RUSF 7%, SC+ 4%, CCC 19% p < .003 SAM: RUSF 8%, SC+ 10%, CCC 12% p < .05 When restricted to nondefaulters, recovery = 71%, 78%, and 80% for CCC, SC+, and RUSF.	Yes	++/+
Micronutrients provided to control groups
Hossain, Ahmed, & Brown, 2012, 2014, 2016 (conference abstracts) Cluster RCT	Bangladesh N = 227	Aged 6–24 months WHZ < −2 to −3 (WHO, 2006)	1 Cereal‐based supplement (SF) 2 Cereal supplement and psychosocial stimulation (SF + PS)	3 1.Health education and micronutrients at hospital (HC) 4 2.Health education & micronutrients at clinic (CC) 5 3.Psychosocial stimulation (PS)	3 m	Follow‐up attendance and gain in weight and length were greater in groups SF, SF + PS, and PS than CC and HC.	Maybe: Not possible to distinguish between benefits of supplement versus psychosocial stimulation	−/−
Javan et al., 2017 RCT	Iran N = 70	Aged 9–24 months with WLZ < −2 and ≥−3 and referred for treatment	Blended flour supplementary food (chickpea, rice, wheat, barley, and sugar) + multivitamins + nutritional counselling (SF)	Multivitamins + nutritional counselling (C)	3 m	Recovery rate: SF 68%, C 32% p = .001 Weight gain (g): SF 0.81, C 0.55, p = .002 WLZ gain: 0.36, C 0.02 p = .003	Yes	++/++
Not recruited based on current MAM definitions
van der Kam et al., 2016 RCT	Nigeria N = 2,213 25% of sample had MAM at enrolment	Aged 6 to 59 months and diagnosed with malaria, diarrhoea, or LRTI MAM= WHZ <−2 and >−3, and MUAC >115 mm	RUTF, one sachet per day	micronutrients, two sachets/d (MNP) No Supplement (C)	14 days	Incidence rate of SAM in MAM children: RUTF 0.70, MNP 0.71, C 0.71 p > .05 for RUTF versus MNP and RUTF versus C	No: Incidence of SAM was same for RUTF group to MNP group and no supplement group.	++/+
Roy et al., 2005 Cluster randomised trial	Bangladesh N = 282	Aged 6–24 months, WA 61– 75% of median NCHS	Intensive nutrition education + supplementary feeding (INE + SF)	Standard nutrition education (C) Intensive nutrition education (INE)	3 m	Recovery rate (WAM): INE + SF 47%, INE 37%, C 18% p < .001 Recovery 6 months after end of intervention (WAM): INE + SF 86%, INE 59%, C 30% p < .0001	Yes	++/+
Fauveau et al., 1992 RCT	Bangladesh N = 134	Aged 6 to 12 months, MUAC > 110 and <129 mm, living in bamboo structure	Supplementary food (rice, wheat, lentils, and oil; SF)	Nutrition education (C)	6 m	Monthly weight gain in first 3 months: SF 205 g, C 159 g p < .05 Monthly weight gain in 6 months: SF 179 g, C 128 g p > .05 No significant difference in diarrhoea or other morbidities.	Maybe: Food group have larger weight gain in first 3 months but not whole 6 months	++/+
Not recruited based on current mam definitions and micronutrients provided to control groups
Hossain, Nahar, Hamadani, Ahmed, & Brown, 2011 RCT	Bangladesh N = 507 81% of sample had WLZ < −2 at baseline	Aged 6‐24 months and WAZ <−3 and recovered from diarrhoea at the hospital (NCHS) Results stratified by WLZ <−2	1 Health education and micronutrients at clinic + cereal‐based supplement (C–SF) 2 Health education and micronutrients at clinic + cereal supplement and psychosocial stimulation (C−SF + PS)	3 Health education and micronutrients at hospital (HC) 4 Health education and micronutrients at clinic (CC) 5 Health education and micronutrients at clinic + psychosocial stimulation (C–PS)	3 m	Whole sample: Weight gain (kg): HC 0.60, CC 0.79, C–PS 0.83, C–SF 0.92, C–SF+PS 0.90 (SF versus no SF p=0.009) Severe illness rate: No significant difference Attendance at 5^th visit: 54% with SF, 40% without SF For those with WLZ < −2 WLZ gain: HC 0.65, CC 0.65, C–PS 0.87, C–SF 0.94, C−SF + PS 1.19 LAZ gain: HC −0.41, CC −0.29, C−PS −0.33, C−SF −0.20, C−SF + PS −0.15	Yes	++/+
Heikens, Schofield, Dawson, & Grantham‐McGregor, 1989 RCT	Jamaica N = 82	Aged 3–36 months and <80% WAZ using NCHS	High energy supplement for 3 months plus weekly home visits and micronutrient supplements for 6 months (HES)	Home visits and micronutrient supplements for 6 months (HV)	3m	WAZ after 3 months: HES −2.6, HV −3.1, p = .007 WHZ and WAZ after 6 months: not significantly different between HES and HV groups HAZ after 6 months: HES −2.1, HV −2.7, p = .03	Yes, marginally	+/+
Preventative trials: majority adequately nourished children
Schlossman et al., 2017 Pilot cluster RCT	Guinea Bissau N = 681	Children aged 6–59 months with WHZ < 2 or WAZ < 1 or HAZ < 2 and their mothers	RUSF with 15% protein RUSF with 33% protein	No intervention (C)	3 m	Infants 6–23 months: Change in WHZ: RUSF33 0.28, RUSF15 0.12, C 0.26 p > .05 Change in MUAC: RUSF33 0.62, RUSF15 0.46, C 0.28 p > .05 Haemoglobin: RUSF33 0.71, RUSF15 0.87, C 0.06 p > .05 Retinol‐binding protein: RUSF33‐0.05, RUSF15‐0.09, C 0.05 p > .05	No: Controls improved an equal extent to food group.	+/−
Christian et al., 2015 Cluster RCT	Bangladesh N = 5,421	All infants aged 6 months in the catchment area	RUSF–R, rice–lentil based RUSF–C, chickpea based RUSF–S (soy based) Wheat–soy‐blend++ (WSB)	Nutrition counselling (C)	12 m	At 18 months Prevalence stunting: RUSF–R 44%, RUSF–C 39%, PD 40%, WSB 44%, C 44% Prevalence wasting (WLZ): RUSF–R 16%, RUSF–C 16%, RUSF–S 14%, WSB 18%, C 16% Prevalence underweight: RUSF–R 39%, RUSF–C 35%, RUSF−S 33%, WSB 40%, C 39% (p < .05 when compared with control)	Yes for RUSF−S, No benefit of WSB++ over counselling	++/++
Grellety et al., 2012 Prospective cohort	Niger N = 2,238 18% of sample WLZ < −2	All children 60–80 cm length (approx. age 6−23 months) 18% of sample WLZ < −2	RUSF–soy (LSN–MQ)	No supplementation (failed to register; C)	4 m	MUAC gain (mm): LNS–MQ −2.8, C −4.0 p = .002 WLZ gain: LNS–MQ −0.2, C −0.3 p = .006 Rate of wasting per 100 child‐months: LNS–MQ 3.9, C 4.2 p = .05 Rate of stunting per 100 child‐months: LNS–MQ 26.8, C 14.4 p = .87 Mortality rate per 100 child‐months: LNS–MQ 1.6, C 2.4 p = .03	Yes	+/−

Note.^. Risk of bias score is presented as internal/external score; (−) Poor quality, (+) Adequate quality, (++) good quality. See “WFP Specialized Nutritious Food Sheet” for detailed definitions of common supplements; see individual papers for full details of nutrient content of each supplement.

Abbreviations: LNS–MQ, lipid‐based nutrient supplement medium quantity; LRTI, lower respiratory tract infection; RUSF, ready‐to‐use supplementary food; Supercereal Plus, micronutrient fortified corn–soy‐blended flour, formally called CSB++; RCT, randomized controlled trial; WAM, weight for age median.