Table 4.
Costs and impacts by programme model, PROCOMIDA
| Programme impacts | FFR + CSB | RFR + CSB | NFR + CSB | FFR + LNS | FFR + MNP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linear growth | |||||
| Cost per beneficiary (USD)a | 1,079.91 | 936.65 | 854.14 | 1,090.41 | 1,078.18 |
| Impact on stunting (pp)b | −11.1 ± 4.0* | — | — | — | −6.5 ± 3.6* |
| Cost per beneficiary per pp reduction in stunting (USD)a | 97.29 | — | — | — | 165.87 |
| Other programme impactsc | |||||
| Child | |||||
| Anaemia (24 months) | X | — | — | — | — |
| Motor milestones (24 months) | — | — | — | — | — |
| Language milestones (24 months) | — | — | — | — | — |
| Breastfeeding initiated immediately after birth | ✓ | ✓ | — | — | ✓ |
| Exclusively breastfed (4 months) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Bottle‐fed in past 24 hr (6 months) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Minimum meal frequency (24 months) | ✓ | ✓ | — | ✓ | ✓ |
| Minimum dietary diversity (24 months) | ✓ | — | — | — | ✓ |
| Minimal acceptable diet (24 months) | ✓ | — | — | — | ✓ |
| Child clean (24 months) | ✓ | — | — | — | ✓ |
| Illness past 2 weeks (24 months) | — | — | — | — | — |
| Received treatment for fever (24 months) | ✓ | ✓ | — | ✓ | — |
| Length recorded on health card (24 months) | ✓ | ✓ | — | ✓ | ✓ |
| Mother | |||||
| Anaemia (24 months) | X | X | — | — | — |
| Bodyweight (24 months) | X | X | X | — | — |
| Dietary diversity (24 months) | — | — | — | — | — |
| Had at least four prenatal visits | — | — | — | — | — |
| Knowledge | |||||
| Pregnancy danger signs (1 month) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | — | ✓ |
| To breastfeed immediately after birth (1 month) | ✓ | ✓ | — | — | — |
| To use a cup, not a bottle (6 months) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| To introduce foods at 6 months (6 months) | — | — | — | — | — |
| Number of five key handwashing times (24 months) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Household | |||||
| Treated drinking water (24 months) | — | — | — | ✓ | ✓ |
| Exterior clean (24 months) | ✓ | — | — | — | — |
| Interior clean (24 months) | — | — | — | — | ✓ |
| Household hunger (12 months) | ✓ | — | — | — | ✓ |
Note. Data were collected at pregnancy and when the child was 1, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months. Individual indicators are only shown for the time point when they are most relevant. The time referenced refers to the age of the child at the survey. ✓ = Significant improvement in the outcome relative to the control group. X = Significant worsening in the outcome relative to the control group. — = No significant effect.
Abbreviations: CSB, corn–soy blend; FFR, full family ration; LNS, lipid‐based nutrient supplement; MNP, micronutrient powder; NFR, no family ration; PROCOMIDA, Programa Comunitario Materno Infantil de Diversificación Alimentaria; RFR, reduced family ration.
2015 USD.
Impact estimates from Olney, Leroy, Bliznashka, and Ruel (2018).
Impacts from Heckert et al. (2018).
p < .05 (programme impact was significant).