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Mean calculated blood flow of the right brachial artery across different measurement periods. Error bars represent mean ± SD. Blood flow was calculated using TAVM • DIA2 • 0.795. TAVM and DIA were measured via Doppler ultrasound. PRE = multi-ingredient pre-workout supplement. CAF = caffeine supplement. PLA = placebo. Base = baseline. +30 = 30 minutes post supplementation. PostEx = immediately post exercise. +60 = 60 minutes post supplementation.
